日本的學校如何看待廣島和長崎的原子彈爆炸？為什麼日本是世界上唯一在二戰中使用過原子彈的國家？廣島和長崎的日本學校是如何教學的？
為什麼最近開始自稱為「黎凡特人和中東人」的猶太歐洲人不返回他們的祖先生活了數千年的歐洲故土，而不是試圖將巴勒斯坦土著從他們的祖國消滅掉，因為他們一直在在那裡生活，從未離開過他們的土地？
廣島和長崎的日本學校是如何教學的？
更糟的是，當前一代自民黨的日本年復一年地轉向右翼……呼籲結束「對日本參與二戰的批評」。
儘管德國完全承擔了納粹黑暗歷史的責任，向許多歐洲國家支付了賠款並進行了重建，但它不遺餘力地提醒和譴責希特勒德國及其所犯下的暴行，永遠玷污了這個國家的遺產……其他軸心國逐漸不太願意這麼做。從義大利人對法西斯過去半心半意的態度開始，到克羅埃西亞人利用確實有一些反法西斯抵抗運動的事實來蠕動修正主義，以與克羅埃西亞右翼所美化的納粹傀儡國家克羅埃西亞的全面集中營保持距離，到許多穆斯林至今仍漫不經心地吐出「憎恨那些猶太復國主義者有什麼錯」的態度（只需看看支持巴勒斯坦的抗議活動即可）。
在二戰修正主義和全面、絕對、頑固地否認戰爭罪行方面，沒有哪個國家比日本走得更遠，而這在當時戰爭罪行猖獗的二戰中是史無前例的。除了少數研究人員揭示了日本帝國陸軍和海軍令人作嘔的現實，更不用說天皇本人了。這個極其殘酷、好戰的帝國犯下了一些人類已知的最令人髮指的罪行，他們利用核武器，利用其不人道的兇殘好戰和民族/種族優越的極端主義思想，成功地“改頭換面”並扮演受害者長達80年之久。西方/美國的政治爭吵和原子彈這一事實經常被用來攻擊反對派的政治選擇，以使其不被注意。應受譴責的修正主義在日本教育中最為明顯……或者說日本教育的缺乏。
關於這個主題已經有很多墨跡，可以說日本對二戰的整體處理被簡化為：
- 我們是美國實驗性攻擊的受害者，他們可能會為即將到來的與蘇聯的衝突進行測試。
- 以下是在那可怕的一天中數以千計的個人內心經歷。
- 我們希望您對廣島和長崎恐怖事件的生動、戲劇化的重述感到徹底震驚和厭惡，並在情感上被操縱，永遠不會問關於二戰、我們在其中的角色以及我們創造的環境和條件的問題，以便這兩顆炸彈雖然這是結束戰爭破壞性最小、最不人道的方式，但我們無論如何都不想結束。
殘酷的帝國主義、對亞太地區多達10%世界領土的種族滅絕征服、對被征服的亞洲人的非人道待遇、盟軍戰俘、人體實驗、令人費解的創造性屠殺人類的方式、臭名昭著的令人作嘔的南京事件…都只是一個例子。註腳，如果有的話…
而不是……不舒服的……真相
，日本有一部動漫，講述二戰和盟軍對他們來說是多麼可怕
結果是意料之中的，對於日本人來說，他們更喜歡無知，這與日本人認為文化、道德和種族優越於其他亞洲人（即使不是整個人類）的觀念相吻合，儘管這種觀念已經有所改變。
為什麼日本是唯一遭受核武攻擊的國家？
因為日本帝國將同盟國和全世界置於前所未有的境地。
與納粹德國不同，這是一個在此之前或之後從未存在過的種族滅絕帝國的組合，即使他們的事業早已失敗，也拒絕退出。1945 年德國大規模投降，隨著1944 年戰爭的進展，總體生命損失不斷下降，德國最終在幾個月內投降，而日本卻堅持進行（自我）毀滅性的屠殺，堅定不移地頑固地進行破壞性的屠殺。戰略上完全非理性的立場－戰爭將持續到最後一個日本人，而且當美國人入侵時，一億[日本人]將光榮地死去。又稱「玉碎行動」。他們並沒有比喻地認為，日本人確實被洗腦到了婦女和兒童拿起武器來防禦駐紮在日本本土（主要是九州島）的美軍的地步：
當在其他地方（例如沖繩島或塞班島）面對盟軍時，他們會集體自殺，讓他們認為盟軍是怪物，會像日本折磨和屠殺其他亞洲人一樣折磨和殘害他們。這將導致數以萬計的平民謀殺他們的家人，如果沒有炸彈或刀子，通常會用棍棒敲打他們的頭，然後自殺。可怕的命運。
日本人在任何情況下都不會放棄他們自我毀滅的堅持，不是因為武士守則的一些浪漫化概念，大多數日本人至今仍然健在，而是因為「面子」文化在日本人中如此猖獗。日本政治和軍事領導層認為，這導致他們做出了許多非理性的決定、災難性的錯誤，並徹底摧毀了他們的軍事力量，造成了令人難以置信的傷亡。
（美國在沖繩島損失了約 12,000 名士兵，約 50,000 人受傷，而日本則有 90,000-110,000 人死亡，估計有 150,000 名平民死亡，這種模式在所有其他美日衝突中都會重複）
日本軍隊和平民的自我毀滅行為特別體現在臭名昭著的塞班島事件中，當時有30,000 名日本人死亡（是美國損失的10 倍，這是太平洋戰爭中的常見比例），只有1500 人投降，其中大部分是平民。順便說一句，我們很難將平民與士兵區分開來，因為軍裝是他們最好的或通常是唯一可用的衣服。更多的人成群結隊地自殺，他們相信信仰比死亡更糟糕，等待著他們的是「可怕的」美國人/盟友手中。
德國人每天甚至會投降數千或數萬人，而日本人則戰鬥到最後，甚至「鼓勵」（日本對該詞的解釋）平民也這樣做。要嘛是向戒備森嚴的美軍陣地發動自殺性衝鋒，要嘛是實際自殺，用刀、炸彈或跳崖。只有那些受傷且無力結束生命的人才會被活捉。
（數萬德國人不願為長期失敗的事業發動戰爭而投降，VS數萬日本人進行毫無意義、毫無目的的自我犧牲行為）
所有這些地獄都發生在遠離日本的島嶼上，當地居民基本上是帝國本身的殖民地/壓迫，而不是來自日本本土的真正的鐵桿民族主義日本人。整個家庭都準備用竹棍和臨時神風特攻隊裝置向謝爾曼坦克和 M1919 重機槍巢衝鋒。
這意味著盟軍必須使用以前與帝國軍隊衝突中可預測的模式來計算美國士兵和日本平民的巨大損失。除此之外，亞洲各地還有數千名亞洲平民被日本人屠殺，平均每天數千人。
而且數字是驚人的…
當日本正在準備其「玉碎行動」時，這是針對美國即將入侵日本主要島嶼的自殺式防禦，已經將大量人員轉移到南部，轉移到帝國計劃破壞盟軍登陸的九州，同盟軍意識到這需要：
- 1.7 - 400萬美軍總傷亡（這應該是盟軍最關心的問題）
- 日軍傷亡5-1000萬
- 10-15 名日本平民傷亡
因此，當你面對一個準備好並願意犧牲超過2000 萬本國人民的帝國時，更不用說其他數百萬人（日本人在戰爭中平均每天都會殺死數千名非日本亞洲人），他們已經經過實踐證明，一種新武器可以阻止這種情況，使敵人屈服，拯救近百萬自己的人民……這看起來並不那麼令人震驚，不是嗎？
話雖如此，在任何情況下殺害超過 10 萬平民在道德上都應受到譴責，這是這些情況下的可悲事實，但當面臨「虐待狂選擇」時，美國確實選擇了最不可怕的選擇。真正的問題是，為什麼投下一顆原子彈是最不可怕的選擇，以及什麼樣的怪物會造成這樣的情況：在兩個城市而不是一個城市上投原子彈是最不可怕的選擇……當然，我們已經給了答案。
美國人應該更擔心日本平民而不是日本人自己，還是應該優先考慮敵人（敵對）人口而不是自己的同胞？當然不是。如果美國像日本對待日本平民和其他數百萬人那樣完全無視日本平民的話——絕對不會，他們也不會。即便如此，美國確實選擇了對日本來說災難性較小的選項。
廣島和長崎造成的可怕的人員傷亡，雖然很可怕，但只是如果不使用它們的話將會發生的情況的一小部分，也是日本帝國為其人民計劃的一小部分——一億光榮的死亡！
（甚至從長遠來看——並不是因為原子彈問題有什麼可怕的重要性——日本兩個城市的死亡人數加起來仍然低於日本在南京的大屠殺。）
另一件事是，對「面子」的痴迷，也許令人驚訝地非理性，二戰日本是如此地相信自己的意識形態，這種意識形態使他們成為一個優越的國家，注定要統治整個世界，認為西方人太軟弱和嬌氣，無法做出任何形式的……激進的行為。諸如不分青紅皂白地殺死數千或數十萬人之類的舉動，就像日本通常以自我祝賀的方式所做的那樣，他們可能從未真正相信美國會真正投下原子彈。事實上 - 他們從未真正或認真地考慮過和平談判的條款，多年後他們失去了扭轉戰局對他們有利的機會，即使他們假裝對和平談判條款感興趣（我們從日本外交信函中知道） ）即使在廣島被提升到地面之後......直到長崎。
日本將美國的威脅解讀為虛張聲勢，這是日本無視美國以傳單形式發出的警告，不尋求安全，造成最大傷亡的原因之一。另一個原因是日本政府禁止超級聽話的公民拿起和閱讀這些傳單。
考慮到美國對日本其他轟炸攻擊的總傷亡人數比原子彈高出數倍，這又是一種自我毀滅、毫無意義的舉動。即使沒有明確說明“我們將使用新的原子武器”，日本人也應該撤離他們的城市。可惜…
底線是，令人難以置信的好戰但又極其短視的日本帝國的（自我）毀滅性狂熱，其謀殺自殺機器似乎不會很快停止，並在此之前奪走了大約80 萬美國人和2000萬日本人的生命- 讓盟國沒有任何幫助。選擇而不是震驚他們屈服。盟軍的估計是多麼正確，這一事實得到了證實：一顆原子彈，第一次使用如此具有毀滅性的武器，不足以讓日本放棄他們的謀殺-自殺保住面子的方式。
Why don't Jewish Europeans that have recently began to call themselves "Levantines & Middle Easterners" return to their native European lands where their ancestors lived for thousands of years, instead of trying to eradicate the indigenous Palestinians from their homeland, where they have always lived, without ever leaving their land ?
My heart breaks
How is Hiroshima and Nagasaki taught in Japanese schools?
And it is about to get worse are Japan under current generation of LDP swings more right wing year after year…calling for the end of ‘’criticism of Japanese participation in WWII’’.
While Germany fully accepted the responsibility for the dark Nazi past, payed reparations to many European nations, rebuilding them, it went out of its way to remind and condemn the Hitler’s Germany and atrocities committed, forever staining the nation’s legacy…other Axis countries were progressively less willing to do so. Starting with somewhat half hearted Italian dealing with fascist past, to Croat creeping revisionism using the fact there were indeed pockets of antifascist Resistance to distance themselves from a full blown concentration camp running Nazi puppet state of Croatia that is still glorified by Croat right wing, to many Muslims’ ‘’what’s wrong with hating those Zionist’’ approach they casually spew to this very day (one only needs to look at pro-Palestine protests).
None went so far in WWII revisionism and total, absolute, unrepentant denial of war crimes, and war crimes that were unprecedented in war crime ridden WWII at that - than Japan. Save for few individual researched who shed light into the sickening realities of Imperial Japanese Army and Navy, not to mention Emperor himself. The awfully ruthless, warlike Empire that committed some of the most heinous crimes known to humanity, nuked out of their inhumane murderous warmongering and extremist ideas of ethnic/racial superiority, successfully ‘changed face’ and plays victim for 80 years now, taking advantage of Western/US political bickering and the fact A-bomb is often used to attack opposing political option to slip through unnoticed. The reprehensible revisionism is nowhere more noticeable than in Japanese education…or lack thereof.
Much ink has been spilled about that topic, it suffice to say Japanese treatment of WWII in its entirety is reduced to :
- We were the victims of American experimental attack that they probably tested for the upcoming clash with Soviet Union.
- So here are thousands of visceral individual experiences of that horrendous day.
- We hope you will be utterly stunned and disgusted by the graphic, melodramatic retelling of the horrors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and emotionally manipulated enough to never ask questions about the WWII, our role in it, and circumstances and conditions we created so that those two bombs were the least destructive, and least inhumane way to end the war, we never wanted to end anyway.
The ruthless imperialism, the genocidal conquest of up to 10% world territory in Asia Pacific, inhumane treatment of conquered Asians, Allied pow-s, human experiments, inexplicably creative ways in which humans were slaughtered, infamously sickening event at Nanking…are a mere footnote, if there at all…
Instead of the…uncomfortable…truth
, Japanese have an anime about how terrible WWII and Allies were to them
And the result is the expected and for the Japanese preferred ignorance which goes well with a still ongoing though somewhat reshaped Japanese notion of cultural, moral and ethnic superiority over other Asians, if not mankind in general.
Why was Japan the only country hit by nuclear weapons?
Because of the unprecedented circumstances in which the Allies and the World in general was put in, by the Imperial Japan.
A combination of genocidal Empire that never existed before or after that, unlike Nazi Germany, refused to quit even when their cause was long lost. While 1945 saw Germans surrendering en masse, and overall loss of life going down as the war progressed beyond 1944, with final German surrender a matter of months, Japan was persistent in (self)destructive slaughter, firm in its rigid never changing stubbornly destructive yet strategically completely irrational stances - war is to be continued until the last Japanese, and what is more ONE HUNDRED MILLION [JAPANESE] WILL DIE GLORIOUSLY WHEN AMERICANS INVADE. Known also as Operation Ketsugo. And they didn’t take that figuratively, Japanese were indeed brainwashed to a point when women and children picked up the weapons to defend against US Army in Japan proper, mainly Kyushu island:
and when faced with Allied force elsewhere, like islands of Okinawa or Saipan, they’d commit suicide, en masse, made to think Allies are monsters that would torture and mutilate them in a same way Japanese tortured and massacred other Asians. It would cause tens of thousands of civilians to murder their families, often by bashing their heads in with sticks if bombs or knives weren't available, before committing suicide. An awful fate.
Japanese wouldn’t quit their self destructive persistence in any circumstance, not because of some romanticised notion of Samurai code, most Japanese were and are oblivious about to this day, but because of the much more prominent culture of ‘saving face’ so rampant among Japanese political and military leadership that it led them to many irrational decisions, disastrous blunders and utter destruction of their military forces with incredible loss of life.
(While American’s lost c.12.000 soldiers and had some 50.000 wounded at Okinawa, Japanese had between 90.000–110.000 dead, with estimated 150.000 civilian deaths, a pattern that would repeat in every other US-Japanese clash)
Especially self destructive behavior of both Japanese military and civilian population was in the infamous case of Saipan, when 30.000 Japanese died (10x the American losses, a common ratio in Pacific war), only 1500 surrendered, mostly civilians. Civilians who we, btw, not easily distinguished from the soldiers due to the fact military uniforms were the best or often the only available clothing to them. Many more committed suicide, in groups, made to believe faith worse than death awaited them at the hands of ‘monstrous’ Americans/Allies.
While Germans would surrender by thousands or tens of thousands a day even, Japanese fought until the end, even ‘encouraging’ (Japanese interpretation of the word) civilians do to the same. Either by suicidal charging heavily guarded US positions or actual suicide itself, by knives, bombs or jumping off cliffs. It was only those wounded and too helpless to end their lives who would be captured alive.
(Tens of thousands of Germans, unwilling to wage a war for a long lost cause, surrendering, VS tens of thousands of Japanese in a meaningless, purposeless act of self sacrifice)
And all that hell happened on islands, far away from Japan, with local population basically colonies/oppressed by the Empire itself, not the actual hardcore nationalist Japanese from Japan proper. The one where entire families prepared to charge Sherman tanks and M1919 heavy machine gun nests with bamboo sticks and makeshift kamikaze devices.
What it meant is that Allies had to calculate the enormous cost to both American soldiers and Japanese civilians using an eerily predictable pattern from previous clashes with Imperial military. On top of which, there were thousands of Asian civilians slaughtered by Japanese all over Asia, thousands a day on average.
And the numbers were staggering…
While Japan was preparing for its Operation Ketsugo, a suicidal defense against an imminent US invasion of main Japanese islands, already moving significant amount of people towards the south, towards Kyushu where Empire planned to disrupt the allied landings, Alies realised that it would take:
- 1.7-4 million US military total casualties (and that was, as it should have, the biggest concern for the Allies)
- 5-10 million Japanese military casualties
- 10–15 Japanese civilian casualties
So when you face an Empire ready and willing to sacrifice more than 20 million of its own people, not to mention millions of others (Japanese were killing several thousand non Japanese Asians EVERY DAY of the war, on average), something they’ve already demonstrated in practice, a new weapon that could put a stop to that, shock the enemy into submission, save almost a million of your own people…it doesn’t seem so outrageous, does it.
Having said that killing more than a 100.000 civilians is morally reprehensible in any circumstance, it is the sad fact of those circumstances, but when left with a ‘sadistic choice’ US did choose the least horrible option. The real question is why dropping an atomic bomb was the least horrible option and what sort of monstrosity could’ve created circumstances in which atomic bombs on not one but two cities were least horrible option…Of course, we’ve already gave that answer.
Should Americans have worried more about Japanese civilians than Japanese themselves, or prioritise the enemy’s (hostile) population over their own countrymen? Of course not. Should US have completely disregarded Japanese civilians in a way Japan itself did to both their and millions of others - absolutely not, and nor did they. Even then - US did choose the option that was less disastrous for Japan.
An awful human cost of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, terrible as it was, was a fraction of what it would happen it they hadn’t been used, and a fraction of what Japanese Empire had planned for its people - ONE HUNDRED MILLION GLORIOUS DEAD!
(To put things into perspective even - not because of some terrible importance to the A bomb question - death toll at two Japanese cities combined was still lower than Japanese massacre at Nanking.)
One more thing, ‘face’ obsessed and perhaps surprisingly irrational WWII Japan was so sold on its own ideology which maintained them as a superior nation, destined to rule the entire world, seeing Westerners as too soft and squeamish to make any sort of…radical move such as indiscriminately kill thousands or hundreds of thousands as Japan routinely did in a self congratulatory way, that they probably never really believed US would actually drop the bomb(s). In fact - they’ve never actually or seriously considered terms of peace negotiations, years after they lost any chance of turning the tide of the war in their favour, even when they pretended to be interested in them (we know that from Japanese diplomatic correspondence) even after Hiroshima was raised to the ground…not until Nagasaki.
The gravely wrong interpretation of US threat as a bluff was one of the reasons why Japanese ignored US’ warnings in forms of leaflets, never seeking safety, thus maximising casualties. Other reason is that Japanese government banned their hyper obedient citizens picking up and reading these leaflets.
Yet another self destructive, senseless move considering total casualties of other US bombing raids on Japan were several times higher than A-bombs. Even without spelling out the ‘we’re going to use new atomic weapon’ Japanese should’ve evacuated their cities. But alas…
Bottom line, the (self) destructive fanaticism of incredibly bellicose yet incredibly shortsighted Japanese Empire whose murder-suicide machinery didn’t seem to be stopping anytime soon and was to take some 800.000 American and 20mil Japanese lives before it did - left Allies with no choice than to shock them into submission. And how right Allies were in their estimate is confirmed by the fact one atomic bomb, first such incredibly devastating weapon was ever used - wasn’t enough for Japan to give up their murder-suicide-face saving ways.
留言
張貼留言