Service Economies: Militarism, Sex Work, and Migrant Labor in South Korea
Contents
Acknowledgments / vii
Introduction: Proletarianizing Sexuality and Race / 1
Surrogate Military, Subempire, and Masculinity: South Korea in the Vietnam War / 37
Domestic Prostitution: From Necropolitics to Prosthetic Labor / 79
Military Prostitution: Gynocentrism, Racial Hybridity, and Diaspora / 125
Migrant and Immigrant Labor: Redefining Korean Identity / 185
Postscript: The Exceptional and the Normative in South Korean Modernization / 233
Notes / 237
Acknowledgments
I have benefited from the generous spirit of many who guided me along the way to the completion of this book. Although this project began as a separate and different project from my dissertation, it is still very much a product of my training in both East Asian studies and comparative lit- erature, and my deepest gratitude goes to my teachers at UCLA. John Duncan has been a scholar and a teacher to be emulated from the first day I arrived in the early 1990s at UCLA until today, having continually challenged and reshaped my ideas about Korea and Korean studies. With the help of my Japan history teachers, Leslie Pincus and the late Miriam Silverberg, I was prodded to think about Korean history and literature in ways that would not have been possible otherwise. Chungmoo Choi and Shu-mei Shih provided lasting intellectual stimulus for my work. Along with much that I have learned about Buddhism and Korean Buddhism in his classes, Robert Buswell has offered indispensable support as a mentor over the years. My teachers from comparative literature, Ross Shideler, Kathleen Komar, Katherine King, and Samuel Weber, lent both intellec- tual inspiration and professional guidance during graduate school years and beyond.
At the University of California, San Diego, I have been very fortunate to be surrounded by the most encouraging coworkers and the most excit- ing group of scholars. Takashi Fujitani, Rosemary Marangoly George, Stephanie Jed, Lisa Lowe, Don Wayne, Lisa Yoneyama, and Yingjin Zhang have been unstinting in their hard work on my behalf to guide both my intellectual work and professional life. Others on the UCSD campus have been cordial, caring, and dependable colleagues to whom I have turned at various points for their help. They include John Blanco, Lisa Bloom, Robert Cancel, Jim Cheng, Jaime Concha, Page Dubois, Fatima El- Tayeb, Yen Espiritu, Heather Fowler, Stephan Haggard, Larissa Heinrich, Nancy Ho-Wu, Tara Javidi, Sara Johnson, Milos Kokotovic, Todd Kontje, Susan Larson, Jeyseon Lee, Margaret Loose, the late Masao Miyoshi, Max Parra, Roddey Reid, Lucinda Rubio-Barrack, Rosaura Sánchez, Shelley Streeby, Stefan Tanaka, Daniel Widener, Wai-lim Yip, Jong-Sung You, and Oumelbanine Zhiri.
The growing community of Korean studies in North America and others in Asian studies lent intellectual and moral support along the way. I would like to thank Nancy Abelmann, Hyaeweol Choi, Kyeong-Hee Choi, Ja Hyun Kim Haboush, Kelly Jeong, Chong Bum Kim, Namhee Lee, John Lie, Seungsook Moon, Pori Park, Janet Poole, Naoki Sakai, Andre Schmid, Toshiko Scott, Gi-Wook Shin, Yuki Terazawa, Rumi Yasutake, and Alison Yeung. Over the past years, many colleagues, friends, and teachers working in South Korea and Europe extended themselves to pro- vide crucial corrections, generous criticisms, invaluable dialogues, and hospitality. I am greatly indebted to the kindness of Baek Mun Im, Hwang Jongyon, Kim Chul, Kim Jae-yong, Kim Jongmyung, Kim Uchang, Kwon Youngmin, Lee Kyung Hoon, Lee Sang-kyung, Lim Jie-hyun, Paik Won- Dam, Shin Hyung Ki, John Frankl, Michael Kim, and Vladimir Tikhonov. This project has also benefited much from my interaction with enthusias- tic and accomplished undergraduate and graduate students in the Depart- ment of Literature at UCSD over the years.
I would like to thank the Korea Foundation and UCSD for offering fel- lowships and grants that enabled me to take time off from teaching during my years at the university. My sincere gratitude goes to Richard Morrison, my editor at the University of Minnesota Press, for his interest in this project in its inchoate stages, for his exacting and generous professional guidance, and for his extraordinary patience through the entire process.
Last but not least, completing this book would not have been possible without the love and support of my family: my father, Myung-Jae Lee; my mother, Hwa-Suh Park; my partner, Ted Hughes; and all of our nieces and nephews on both sides of our extended families.