欺騙丘吉爾的狂妄自大狂：蒙蔽丘吉爾：彼得·巴蒂的鐵託大騙局
羅傑·劉易斯為 MailOnline 撰稿
2011 年 7 月 21 日格林威治標準時間 18:52 ， 更新 2011 年 9 月 1 日格林威治標準時間 13:55
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欺騙丘吉爾：彼得·巴蒂 (Shepheard-Welwyn Publishing 25 英鎊)
打扮給人留下深刻印象：蒂托迷人的外表下隱藏著陰暗面
打扮給人留下深刻印象：蒂托迷人的外表下隱藏著陰暗面
When in 1970 Mel Brooks was shooting The Twelve Chairs on location in Yugoslavia, he said there was nothing to do on a Saturday night as ‘Tito had the car’. As Peter Batty makes plain in this fascinating book, Tito held on to a lot more besides.
Like totalitarian dictators the world over, Tito lived on the scale of a mad Bond villain, while his subjects crept about in poverty. In Yugoslavia, ‘crop yields were low and animal husbandry primitive. Illiteracy was high’.
Tito relished luxury, requisitioning dozens of villas and castles, which were maintained by prisoners and stocked with art ‘borrowed’ from state museums. He had a private Boeing 727, his own train and numerous yachts.
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他堅持儀仗隊、數百名保鏢、旗幟、遊行、禮炮，並用勳章給自己抹黑。蒂託一天換四次製服——雖然這是精心設計的金色辮子和流蘇，但他一點也不像酒店門衛。
人們很容易嘲笑狂妄自大——蒂託的食物首先在一個特殊的地下實驗室由一群精幹的生物化學家、流行病學家、細菌學家、毒理學家和放射學家進行了測試。
但事實是，為了建立自己的權力，鐵托任由自己的 400,000 多人喪生。
彼得·巴蒂這本優秀著作的目的是描述丘吉爾所說的“戰爭中最大的錯誤之一”——盟軍“全心全意”支持鐵托，為他提供大量武器和物資，而他不是“勇敢的黨派領袖”實際上是一個萌芽中的暴君，他的冷酷無情得到了克格勃訓練的殘酷秘密警察的支持。
鐵託於 1892 年出生在克羅地亞，那裡的士兵“以掠奪和強姦著稱”。他最初是一名工程師，修理自行車、汽車和小型機器。他在維也納附近的一家戴姆勒工廠工作，並在第一次世界大戰期間被俄羅斯騎兵擊傷。
作為金屬工人工會的秘書，他引起了斯大林的注意——但也引起了西方的注意，後者意識到巴爾乾地區將成為關鍵。
隨著歐洲君主制的崩潰，如果希臘陷入共產主義，那麼意大利的生存將岌岌可危——這將影響法國微妙的政治平衡。
與此同時，隨著戰爭再次爆發，德國人開始關注該地區未開發的礦產資源 - 並於 1941 年 4 月轟炸了貝爾格萊德。不到十天，南斯拉夫就投降了。報復是殘酷的：在 203 名德國人死亡後，有 21,809 人被處決。
得到西方的支持：鐵託在 1972 年對南斯拉夫進行國事訪問期間乘坐馬車乘坐女王和愛丁堡公爵
得到西方的支持：鐵託在 1972 年對南斯拉夫進行國事訪問期間乘坐馬車乘坐女王和愛丁堡公爵
“整個社區遭到屠殺，無數村莊被夷為平地，”巴蒂寫道。然而鐵託不為所動。“顯然，無辜生命的喪失從來沒有讓他感到困擾。”
SOE特工被空運進來，在森林和峽谷中進行游擊戰術。
丘吉爾對武器很慷慨——但鐵托沒有攻擊納粹，而是開始殺死他自己的政治對手。
“在為民族解放而進行的愛國鬥爭的浪漫化面紗下，鐵托最關心的是內戰，”巴蒂解釋道。“被對方殺害的南斯拉夫人比被德國人殺害的人還多”——一個驚人的統計數字。然而，由於南斯拉夫是東西方之間的樞紐，鐵托得以逍遙法外。
例如，戰後英國從意大利北部遣返南斯拉夫人時，一旦他們越過邊界進入巴爾乾地區，他們就會立即被機槍掃射，因為他們被懷疑是非共產主義者。
成千上萬的人也“遭到斧頭、乾草叉和鋸齒刀的攻擊”，因為鐵托認為他們是他潛在的政治對手。
當鐵托想要吞併的里雅斯特和奧地利部分地區時，丘吉爾才開始咆哮。通過假裝易受斯大林和杜魯門總統的影響，鐵托充分利用了冷戰。
五十年代，他僅從美國人那裡就接受了 6.5 億美元的糧食援助。英國人也從未停止過奉承他。鐵託於 1953 年對倫敦進行國事訪問，丘吉爾、安東尼·艾登和愛丁堡公爵在抵達時會見了他。他在白金漢宮與女王共進午餐。
1972 年，女王訪問貝爾格萊德時，授予鐵托巴斯勳章大十字勳章。
這種“Hermann Goering 和 Robert Maxwell 之間的交叉”總是對他自己有好處。理查德·伯頓 (Richard Burton) 在一部電影中飾演鐵托，將他描繪成一位勇敢的黨派英雄。奧遜·威爾斯曾在薩格勒布居住過一段時間，並在附近拍過電影。
然而，當鐵託於 1980 年去世時，他給南斯拉夫留下了 200 億美元的債務，經濟短缺和壓抑的種族偏見立即引發了動盪。
塞爾維亞人、克羅地亞人、斯洛文尼亞人、波斯尼亞人、馬其頓人和黑山人立即陷入“暗殺、血仇、邊界爭端”甚至更糟的漩渦。
不幸的是，惡棍只能在邦德電影中得到充分的報應。
羅傑·劉易斯的新書我還在這裡做什麼？由羅納德·塞爾 (Ronald Searle) 插圖，10 月由 Coronet 出版。
分享或評論本文：欺騙丘吉爾的狂妄自大狂：蒙蔽丘吉爾：彼得·巴蒂的鐵託大騙局
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Yazmin Oukhellou 正在和一名逃離警察的埃塞克斯黑幫約會——在她的前任傑克麥克萊恩去世六個月後
科洛·卡戴珊 (Khloe Kardashian) 猛烈抨擊她使用糖尿病藥物減肥的說法——在她的家人引發的 TikTok 熱潮導致重要注射劑短缺之後
阿比·克蘭西 (Abbey Clancy) 對三歲的兒子傑克 (Jack) 在馬爾代夫婚禮誓言更新之旅的 假日快照中吮吸假人感到羞愧
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