農民的道德經濟：東南亞的反抗與生存

農民的道德經濟：東南亞的反抗與生存

詹姆斯·C·斯科特

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James C. Scott 將農戶的關鍵問題——生計——置於本研究的中心。他有說服力地論證說，對糧食短缺的恐懼解釋了農民社會中許多其他令人費解的技術、社會和道德安排，例如對創新的抵制、即使在收入方面付出一定代價也要擁有土地的願望、與他人的關係、以及與包括國家在內的機構的關係。

一旦承認生存問題的中心地位，它對經濟和政治正義概念的影響也可以看出。斯科特借鑒下緬甸和越南的農業社會歷史，展示了殖民時代的轉型如何系統地侵犯農民的“道德經濟”，並造成潛在的叛亂和革命局面。

斯科特展示了對其他文化中人們行為的敏銳洞察力和罕見的從案例研究中合理概括的能力，他對農民行為提出了不同的觀點，這將特別引起政治學家、人類學家、社會學家和東南亞學家的興趣。

“這本書極具原創性和價值，將具有非常廣泛的吸引力。我認為中心論點是正確且令人信服的。”——克利福德·格爾茨

 “在這部主要著作中，……斯科特將農民視為捍衛他們的價值觀和個人安全的政治和道德行為者，這使得他的書對於理解農民政治至關重要。 ”―圖書館雜誌 

James C. Scott是耶魯大學政治學教授。

 The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia

James C. Scott

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James C. Scott places the critical problem of the peasant household―subsistence―at the center of this study. The fear of food shortages, he argues persuasively, explains many otherwise puzzling technical, social, and moral arrangements in peasant society, such as resistance to innovation, the desire to own land even at some cost in terms of income, relationships with other people, and relationships with institutions, including the state.

Once the centrality of the subsistence problem is recognized, its effects on notions of economic and political justice can also be seen. Scott draws from the history of agrarian society in lower Burma and Vietnam to show how the transformations of the colonial era systematically violated the peasants’ “moral economy” and created a situation of potential rebellion and revolution.

Demonstrating keen insights into the behavior of people in other cultures and a rare ability to generalize soundly from case studies, Scott offers a different perspective on peasant behavior that will be of interest particularly to political scientists, anthropologists, sociologists, and Southeast Asianists.

“The book is extraordinarily original and valuable and will have a very broad appeal. I think the central thesis is correct and compelling.”―Clifford Geertz

 “In this major work, … Scott views peasants as political and moral actors defending their values as well as their individual security, making his book vital to an understanding of peasant politics.”―Library Journal 

James C. Scott is professor of political science at Yale University.