不受治理的藝術：東南亞高地的無政府主義歷史（耶魯農業研究）

 不受治理的藝術：東南亞高地的無政府主義歷史（耶魯農業研究）

詹姆斯·C·斯科特

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兩千多年來，現在居住在佐米亞（一個由七個亞洲國家組成的歐洲大小的山區）的不同群體已經逃離了圍繞他們的有組織的國家社會的項目——奴隸制、徵兵、稅收、corv？ e 勞動、流行病和戰爭。這本書本質上是一部“無政府主義歷史”，是有史以來第一次審視大量關於國家建設的文獻，其作者評估了為什麼人們會故意和被動地保持無國籍狀態。佐米亞人保持無國籍狀態的策略包括在崎嶇地形中進行物理分散；提高流動性的農業實踐；柔韌的民族認同；獻身於先知性的千年領袖；並維持一種主要的口頭文化，使他們能夠在州之間和州之間移動時重塑他們的歷史和家譜。詹姆斯·斯科特（James Scott）以通俗易懂的語言，在東南亞、農民和農業研究領域享譽全球，講述了 Zomia 人民的故事以及他們尋求自決的不太可能的冒險。他重新定義了我們對亞洲政治、歷史、人口統計的看法，甚至我們對文明構成的基本觀念，並以一種完全不同的歷史方法向我們挑戰，從無國籍人的角度呈現事件，並將國家建設重新定義為一種“內部殖民主義”。這種新觀點需要對低地國家的文明敘事進行徹底的重新評估。斯科特關於 Zomia 的工作代表了一種思考區域研究的新方法，該方法將適用於其他逃亡、逃亡和被流放的社區，無論是吉普賽人、哥薩克人、逃離奴隸襲擊者的部落、沼澤阿拉伯人還是 San-Bushmen。(20100101)

The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia (Yale Agrarian Studies)

James C. Scott

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For two thousand years the disparate groups that now reside in Zomia (a mountainous region the size of Europe that consists of portions of seven Asian countries) have fled the projects of the organized state societies that surround them—slavery, conscription, taxes, corv?e labor, epidemics, and warfare. This book, essentially an “anarchist history,” is the first-ever examination of the huge literature on state-making whose author evaluates why people would deliberately and reactively remain stateless. Among the strategies employed by the people of Zomia to remain stateless are physical dispersion in rugged terrain; agricultural practices that enhance mobility; pliable ethnic identities; devotion to prophetic, millenarian leaders; and maintenance of a largely oral culture that allows them to reinvent their histories and genealogies as they move between and around states. In accessible language, James Scott, recognized worldwide as an eminent authority in Southeast Asian, peasant, and agrarian studies, tells the story of the peoples of Zomia and their unlikely odyssey in search of self-determination. He redefines our views on Asian politics, history, demographics, and even our fundamental ideas about what constitutes civilization, and challenges us with a radically different approach to history that presents events from the perspective of stateless peoples and redefines state-making as a form of “internal colonialism.” This new perspective requires a radical reevaluation of the civilizational narratives of the lowland states. Scott’s work on Zomia represents a new way to think of area studies that will be applicable to other runaway, fugitive, and marooned communities, be they Gypsies, Cossacks, tribes fleeing slave raiders, Marsh Arabs, or San-Bushmen. (20100101)