胡志明。生活

 胡志明。生活

William J. Duiker

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胡志明（1890-1969）为把越南从外国统治下解放出来奋斗了半个世纪，他的人生故事阐明了殖民主义和民族主义之间正在进行的斗争，这种斗争仍然影响着世界历史。

这位未来的北越总统是一个来自传统叛乱省份的公务员的儿子，在20多年的时间里，他被称为阮那青。正是在这个名字下，他成立了越南共产党，在阅读了列宁对帝国主义的分析后得出结论，革命的马克思主义是实现越南独立的最有效工具。他在流亡中度过了30年，在莫斯科巩固了他的共产主义关系，并在中国的一个基地与越南叛军合作，然后在1942年改名为胡志明，当时二战释放的力量似乎正在为越南的解放扫清道路。法国的顽固立场和美国的反共主义将一个独立、统一的越南的出现又推迟了30年，但胡志明成为一个激励共产主义的北方和南方越共继续战斗的偶像。

在越南战争期间曾在西贡的美国大使馆工作的威廉-J-杜克(William J. Duiker)花了30年时间深入研究越南和欧洲的档案，并采访了明的幸存同事，从而写出了这本权威的传记。

Duiker几乎只关注政治事件和意识形态辩论，他将胡描述为首先是一个民族主义者，但也是一个深信不疑的（尽管是务实的）马克思主义者，他相信社会主义将帮助他的国家实现现代化并纠正古老的不平等现象。这部冗长而详细的传记不适合普通读者，但任何对现代历史有浓厚兴趣的人都会喜欢这种密集的叙述，它充分表达了这个人的复杂性以及他所努力解决的问题。

Ho Chi Minh: A Life

William J. Duiker

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Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969) fought for half a century to free Vietnam from foreign domination, and the story of his life illuminates the ongoing struggle between colonialism and nationalism that still shapes world history.

The son of a civil servant from a traditionally rebellious province, the future president of North Vietnam was known for more than 20 years as Nguyen That Thanh. It was under this name that he founded the Vietnamese Communist Party, having concluded after reading Lenin's analysis of imperialism that revolutionary Marxism was the most effective tool to achieve Vietnam's independence. He spent 30 years in exile, cementing his communist ties in Moscow and working with Vietnamese rebels from a base in China, before assuming the name Ho Chi Minh in 1942, when the forces unleashed by World War II seemed to be clearing the way for Vietnamese liberation. French intransigence and American anti-communism would delay the emergence of an independent, united Vietnam for another 30 years, but Ho became an icon who inspired the communist North and the Southern Vietcong to keep fighting.

William J. Duiker, who served in Saigon's U.S. embassy during the Vietnam War, spent 30 years delving into Vietnamese and European archives, as well as interviewing Minh's surviving colleagues, in order to write this definitive biography.

Focusing almost exclusively on political events and ideological debates, Duiker depicts Ho as a nationalist first and foremost, but also as a convinced (though pragmatic) Marxist who believed socialism would help his country modernize and correct ancient inequities. This long, very detailed biography is not for the casual reader, but anyone with a serious interest in modern history will relish a dense narrative that fully conveys the complexities of the man and the issues with which he grappled.