蒋介石和1945年的越南 25apr13
去年，我写了一篇文章（在这里），试图驳斥这样的观点：1940年代末，Hò Chí Minh说："我宁愿闻五年的法国屎，也不愿一辈子吃中国屎（或者有些版本有'一千年'）"。
据称，这句话是针对胡志明在1946年同意让法国军队返回河內而说的，河內在1945年被前来解除日本人武装的中国国民党军队占领。
在第二次世界大战结束时，越南的南半部被英国军队占领，他们也负责解除那里的日本人的武装。
今天我看到了一份电报（电报），是英国人（在西贡，但通过伦敦）于1945年12月底发给澳大利亚人的。电报内容如下。
"西贡盟军指挥官的政治顾问报告说，法国驻长京大使[应为 "重庆"（即重庆）]已通知那里的法国当局，蒋介石总司令已决定在不久的将来撤出中国军队，尽管日期尚未确定，但已从法属印度支那16度以北的地区撤出。"
因此，早在1945年12月，蒋介石显然已经表明他将把部队撤出河內。
这份报告还指出了以下内容。
"顾问得知，中国政府仍在向法国当局坚持，中国国民在法属印度支那应享有与法国国民相同的权利。法国人特别急于扣留土地所有权，并报告说他们无法同意中国人的要求，因为不可能事先规定法属印度支那联邦的未来政策。"
这进一步证明了胡志明的这句所谓的 "我宁愿闻五年法国屎，也不愿一辈子吃中国屎 "的说法是一个神话。
蒋介石并不关心越南。他并不想控制那个国家，而且，胡志明或越南的任何其他人都不可能在余生中 "吃中国的屎"。
蒋介石确实关心的是中国人民和法国人如何对待他们。他对中国人自19世纪鸦片战争以来一直被西方人视为二等公民感到愤怒。他憎恨西方人强迫中国人同意的治外法权。他想确保这种情况在战后不再继续。
他知道法国人想在未来建立某种法属印度支那联邦，而他对此也没有意见。他只是希望中国人在该联邦中拥有与法国国民同等的居住和做生意的权利。
换句话说，蒋介石希望中国人能够得到与西方人平等的待遇。至于越南和越南人，我猜想他不可能不关心。
所以，在蒋介石的任何言行中都没有 "中国的侵略历史"，他也没有透露出任何同化越南的 "永恒的中国愿望"。
在20世纪40年代，胡志明或越南的任何其他人都没有机会在余生中与中国人打交道。蒋介石和胡志明当时所关心的是法国人，他们都以自己的方式与法国人打交道。
[见NAA: A1838, 494/14 PART 1, China - Relations with Indo-China, 1945-1964, page 200.]
Chiang Kai-shek and Vietnam in 1945
Last year I wrote a post (here) in which I tried to refute the idea that Hò Chí Minh said in the late 1940s that “I prefer to sniff French shit for five years than eat Chinese shit for the rest of my life (or some versions have ‘for a thousand years’).”
This statement was allegedly made in reference to Hồ Chí Minh’s agreement in 1946 to let French troops return to Tonkin, which had been occupied by Nationalist Chinese troops in 1945 that had arrived to disarm the Japanese.
At the end of World War II, the southern half of Vietnam was occupied by British forces which were also responsible for disarming the Japanese there.
Today I came across a cable (telegram) that was sent from the British (in Saigon, but via London) to the Australians in late December 1945. It states the following:
“The Political Adviser to the Allied Force Commander in Saigon reports that French authorities there have been advised by the French Ambassador at Changking [should be “Chungking” (i.e., Chongqing)] that Generalissimo Chian[g] Kai Shek has decided to withdraw Chinese forces in the near future though the date has not yet been fixed from that part of French Indo-China north of 16 degrees.”
So as early as December 1945, Chiang Kai-shek apparently already made it known that he would pull his troops out of Tonkin.
This report also states the following:
“Adviser learns that the Chinese government are still insisting vis-à-vis French authorities that Chinese Nationals should have the same rights in French Indo-China as the French Nationals. The French are particularly anxious to withhold the right of ownership of land and are reporting that they are unable to agree to Chinese demand since it is not possible to lay down in advance future policy of the Federation of French Indo-China.”
This is further proof that this alleged statement by Hồ Chí Minh that “I prefer to sniff French shit for five years than eat Chinese shit for the rest of my life” is a myth.
Chiang Kai-shek didn’t care about Vietnam. He had no desire to control that country, and there was no possibility that Hồ Chí Minh or anyone else in Vietnam was ever going to have to “eat Chinese shit” for the rest of their lives.
What Chiang Kai-shek did care about was the Chinese people and how the French treated them. He was angry that Chinese had been treated as second-class citizens by Westerners since the Opium Wars of the nineteenth century. He hated the extraterritoriality laws that Westerners had forced the Chinese agree to. And he wanted to make sure that nothing like this continued in the post-war era.
He knew that the French wanted to create some kind of Federation of French Indo-China in the future, and he was ok with that. He just wanted Chinese to have equal rights to reside and do business in that federation that French nationals did.
In other words, Chiang Kai-shek wanted Chinese to be treated as the equals of Westerners. As for Vietnam and the Vietnamese, my guess would be that he couldn’t have cared less.
So there is no “history of Chinese aggression” in anything Chiang Kai-shek said or did, nor did he reveal any “eternal Chinese desire” to assimilate Vietnam.
In the 1940s there was no chance that Hồ Chí Minh or anyone else in Vietnam was going to have to deal with the Chinese for the rest of their lives. The people that Chiang Kai-shek and Hồ Chí Minh were concerned with at that time were the French, and they both dealt with the French in their own ways.
[See NAA: A1838, 494/14 PART 1, China – Relations with Indo-China, 1945-1964, page 200.]
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