最成功的國家不是共產主義的原因是什麼？
沒有一個國家成為共產主義國家只有一個原因。
實際上，共產主義並不存在。這是烏托邦。
它曾經是，並且可能仍然在某些人的腦海中，是未來的一種可能性。
沒有一個國家成功地過渡到馬克思主義共產主義的最後階段。我們不知道這是因為這是不可能的，還是之前的嘗試都是錯誤的。
為什麼從來沒有一個成功的共產主義國家？
是的，太糟糕了，蘇聯只能把一個農民國家帶到20年內擊敗歐洲最強大的大國，然後在戰後15年後從戰爭的全面破壞中恢復過來成為全球超級大國，而且在 70 年中，其人民的預期壽命僅增加了一倍。
又或者說古巴這個被美國封鎖的貧窮農業國家，只能提供免費的全民醫療和教育，僅僅實現了幾乎與世界上最富有的國家一樣長的預期壽命。
或者說，中國本應該從殖民、內戰和飢荒中擺脫出來，在可預見的未來，即將超越美國成為世界經濟超級大國。哦，是的，將預期壽命縮短到美國不到兩年的時間。
是的，歷史上的共產主義是悲慘的失敗。
啊，是的，全世界的人都懷著純粹的懷舊之情回顧蘇聯的歷史。那又發生了什麼事？
而此時的中國在經濟上幾乎不能稱為共產主義。
不要忘記新自由主義資本主義在 1990 年代後蘇聯時期的經濟中何時獲得了自由盜竊權。他們認為的繁榮之路實際上是通往前所未有的公共衛生崩潰和去工業化之路。
真正的共產主義是政府的失敗實驗。這違背了人類的本性。蘇聯是一個殘酷的政權，壓迫它的人民。俄羅斯不是共產主義國家。中國不是共產主義的，他們只是在接受資本主義時才開始前進。古巴是，古巴。
為什麼不提朝鮮、委內瑞拉或尼加拉瓜？
共產主義行不通。
——阿爾維德
“你為什麼不在你的成功清單中列出失敗”，這是你要問的問題。關鍵是共產主義不是普遍的失敗，不是說它不會失敗。
更相關的一點是，共產主義是普遍的失敗。你說的都是廉價的“成功”，所謂的低垂果實，容易採摘。共產主義獨裁政權要提供免費教育和醫療保健所要做的就是將這些機構國有化並宣布它們是免費的。蘇聯可以取得一些早期的工業成功，因為它是一個不發達的農業社會。
但一旦採摘了容易的果實，共產主義社會的事情就會停滯不前——甚至會變得更糟。有幾個原因：
* 共產主義要求一切都以同樣的方式進行，遵循馬克思主義學說。這導致了摩擦，必須用壓迫來抑制。
*馬克思主義理論是有缺陷的。已經指出（例如歷史學家保羅·約翰遜）馬克思在他的“研究”中作弊。他挑選並忽略了與人們所相信的相反的數據。由於共產主義的基礎是有缺陷的，它會導致更多的摩擦，要求更嚴厲的壓迫。
* “無產階級”專政的思想導致所有權力都集中在少數精英手中，他們需要已經提到的壓迫才能繼續掌權，他們依靠權力金字塔，造成極度腐敗。
* 需要維護共產主義榮耀的人為故事，這導致了嚴格的審查。由於人們沒有獲得免費信息，他們變得更加愚蠢，社會運作也很糟糕。
* 共產主義學說的核心是“計劃經濟”的思想。但是少數中央計劃者的信息處理能力非常有限，相比之下，市場經濟中每天買賣雙方每次見面都會執行數十億的自發信息處理。“計劃經濟”是指各個領域的經濟錯配、缺神、浪費、停滯。
可以注意其他事項。但正如我們所看到的，共產主義是一種意識形態，其結構本身就會導致壓迫、腐敗、經濟停滯、審查制度、某些地區的神明短缺、另一些地區的浪費。正如我們在歷史上看到的那樣，它還導致數百萬人死亡，因為它造成飢餓、勞動者死亡集中營、對反對派的即決處決等等。
共產主義已經在不同國家進行了無數次試驗，但總是失敗。
——阿爾維德
中國通過大部分（並非完全）放棄計劃經濟取得了成功
蘇聯的上台類似於蒙古帝國，一個小國突然通過一個強大的領導人迅速上台，比他們走後在一個世紀內開始分崩離析。
它們都是國家資本主義的成就資本主義既非常多才多藝又非常有活力它不能也不會做的事情是解放工人階級。
實行共產主義成功的國家有哪些？為什麼他們在別人失敗的地方成功了？
共產主義/社會主義是一個後資本主義的全球無錢、無國籍、無階級、無工資的先進社會，其中的生產是供使用的，並且可以免費獲得所生產的一切，這樣的社會只能由世界上絕大多數工人理解這個概念並想要實現組織它的成立。顯然，這樣的社會從未存在過，也不可能單獨存在於一個國家或一組國家中。
從資本主義到社會主義——我們如何生活以及如何生活
從資本主義到社會主義的PDF版本。. . 我們如何生活以及我們如何生活 2006 年版前言 這本小冊子旨在介紹現代社會如何運作的社會主義觀點，以及為什麼我們認為社會主義作為更有效地組織世界的一種手段是必要的。要建立這樣一個社會，世界上大多數人首先必須對我們所生活的製度——我們稱之為資本主義——的運作方式有一個實用的知識，並了解向社會主義轉變意味著什麼。因此，這本小冊子的目的是將當前的生活方式與未來的社會主義世界將帶來的生活方式進行對比，然後提出可以採取什麼樣的政治行動來實現社會主義。第 1 章著眼於當今世界典型人的生活方式。第二章追溯人類發展在不同社會階段，包括最新階段——資本主義——沒有理由考慮最後一個階段。第 3 章涉及人類動物的“本性”，我們必須適應不斷變化的社會物質基礎對我們提出的要求。第四章對社會主義社會將是什麼樣的社會進行了展望，並與目前的工作情況進行了比較，討論了其中可能的工作組織方式。第五章說明，一旦社會主義者佔多數，我們就可以民主地建立社會主義。目錄 第 1 章 我們的生活方式 第 2 章 適應性強的動物 第 3 章 社會階層 第 4 章 我們眼中的社會主義 第 5 章 如何實現社會主義 1. 我們的生活方式 早上醒來會發生什麼？我們大多數人都必須起床去上班。我們可能會決定我們寧願躺一個小時左右，並夢想去世界巡遊。但鬧鐘的獨裁提醒我們，做夢不會買單。環球航行的想法必須讓位於上班的現實。如果我們乘公共汽車或火車上班，我們必須買票。沒有錢買票，即使公共汽車或火車半空，也不會搭車去上班。數以百萬計的工人乘車出發。工作日開始時，道路擁擠不堪，焦慮的男男女女不能遲到。很多時候，一輛車裡只有一個人，可以為四個人提供交通工具。開車穿過大城市上班會產生緊張、憤怒、沮喪的人，他們中的許多人不想去他們要去的地方，他們中的大多數人不能不去。我們上班。我們中的一些人受僱從事有用的工作：農業、製造必需品、照顧病人、演奏音樂、駕駛公共汽車和火車、教孩子們如何閱讀。我們中的其他人為我們的工資或薪水做無用的、破壞性的或反社會的工作。士兵被雇用的目的是在戰時殺死其他人。軍火工人受僱製造毀滅性武器。推銷員被雇用來說服人們購買什麼
https://www.worldsocialism.org/spgb/pamphlet/from-capitalism-to-socialism-how-we-live-and-how-we-could-live/
今天有哪些國家是共產主義國家？它們是如何以這種方式運作的？
目前沒有，正如卡爾馬克思所描述的那樣，共產主義是一個以各種可能的方式反對資本主義的過程。無產階級專政（階級專政，就像我們生活在資產階級專政中一樣）繼續並支持這一過程，因為在所有剩餘的“共產主義”國家中，無產階級控制的所有最後痕跡都被摧毀了。它們在專制資本主義國家的同一問題上發揮作用
What countries are still communist? Are there communist policies/efforts/ successes that add to these countries? Is Communism working for them or do they exist in spite or their communist status?
The only countries in the world with communist governments are; China, Vietnam, Laos and Cuba. North Korea has officially repudiated communism and declared its Juche ideology unique and unrelated to Marxism, Maoism or any other communist ideology. Until recently however, North Korea claimed to be communist and, as nothing about the regime has changed, it is sometimes counted as a communist state.
Although the four countries mentioned have Marxist-Leninist governments, all of them are also in the process of integrating into the world economy and do not actually practice communism. Cuba and Laos
Is a successful communist country more achievable now or in the past (if possible at all)?
No
How many times do we have to repeat a failed social system before we finally admit that it was wrong from the start?
The most recent experiment, Venezuela, failed spectacularly, unless you think it was the goal to take a country that was at the top, or near the top, of Latin American economies and shove it right down to the bottom.
新一代無知的知識分子再次將其推向我們。
嘆
What would make a communist nation “successful”?
By providing universal healthcare, education from cradle to grave, free housing, daycare, nutritious food that is inexpensive, a 35 hour work week, and a non aggressive military policy that was defensive. No imperialism.
It would be a green economy that is able to incorporate big data, A.I. and modern logistical systems to create and distribute goods to the entire nation. It would have an infrastructure that was healthy and not crumbling. Cars would be electric. Employment would be guaranteed. The environment would be sustainable. An unskilled worker would make a living wage. The highest paid w
What communist country was most economically successful?
There were no communist countries, though there were many ruled by Communist (Bolshevik/Leninist/Maoist) parties, spouting Marxist slogans.
It was not a long-term success, but the most Soviet economic progress evidently occurred during Lenin's New Economic Policy which abolish socialism across wide expanses of Soviet industry and agriculture, enabling a partial return to free enterprise. This saved Russia from starvation, though it depended on imports of food for over 70 years when it had been a large exporter of grain during the previous 70 years. The Soviet Union also allowed private enterpri
Will there eventually be no communist state/country in the world?
There are NO Socialist/Communist States or countries as Socialism/Communism will be a money less stateless society without leaders or governments and when the workers of the world unite for S/Communism the world will see the final phase of human developement.Personally I despair when people think that the present state of Capitalism is somehow mans greatest achievement and an outmoded private property society wether state or individually run will last forever.Capitalism still has some life left and has brought about incredible productive forces but to think that humans will spend their lives o
Which are the current communist countries in the world?
A communist country is an Oxymoron.
Communism is a global economic system where the means of production are owned commonly and where the state is abolished. You cannot have a country without a state.
Is there a country that could benefit from communism?
The thing about communism Quora users don’t seem to get is that it’s not about benefiting countries, it’s about abolishing them.
There’s been countries run by Communist Parties in different ways at different times. We can discuss how it went. But there’s never been a “communist country” or a country that reached communism.
No country has ever even claimed to have achieved communism. They claim(ed) to be somewhere on the way to communism. In the 1950’s, the Soviets even claimed they’d be able to reach communism in whatever number of years. Which they obviously never did.
In other words, communism
Why are there so few communist countries in the world?
Because classic communism was more of a pseudo-religion than a real political system — and like most religions, it proved itself to be completely unworkable in the real world.
Instead of bringing the justice, equality and economic prosperity it promised, in almost every case it degenerated into tyranny, militarism, financial stagnation, corruption and environmental disaster.
Personally, I think the collapse of communism was just the beginning of the bigger problem of industrialism. Communism collapsed first because it was the weaker model, but the “free market” is also a pseudo-religion for some
Why do communist countries fail?
Communism fails to take account of basic human nature, which is inherently selfish. In communism, you cannot force people to work nearly as hard or as smart as they will work for their own advantage in market economies and political systems.
Communism stifles innovation and invention and never accomplishes the withering away of the state.
Communism is inconsistent with free elections, free speech and other freedoms and always requires dictatorship.
Market economies produce more wealth and better conditions for almost everyone.
Communism, then called “socialism,” is inconsistent with the rule of la
Why aren’t there more communist countries today if it’s such a beneficial thing?
Nobody says communism is beneficial any more. Not after the demise of the USSR.
Out of the five communist countries, which one works the best?
Honestly, I’d have to say China, even though it isn’t technically entirely communist. Their economy is continuously growing, and overall the country is functioning quite well. If you are just looking for a straight answer, there it kind of is, there are better answers, and I acknowledge those.
What is the reason that the most successful countries are not communist?
There is just one reason for no country ever being communist.
In practical terms, communism has not existed. It is utopia.
It has been, and probably remains in the minds of some, a possibility in the future.
No country has ever successfully transitioned to the final stage of Marxist communism. We do not know if this is because it is not possible or if the previous attempts were all done with mistakes.
Why has there never been a successful communist country?
Yeah, too bad the USSR was only able to take a peasant nation to the point where it could defeat the mightiest power in Europe in 20 years, then recover from the total devastation of war to become a global superpower 15 years after the war, and only doubled the life expectancy of its people in 70 years.
Or that Cuba, a poor agricultural nation blockaded by the US can only provide free universal healthcare and education and has merely achieved a life expectancy almost as greater as that of the richest countriy in the world.
Or that China should have pulled itself up from colonization and civil war and famine to being on the verge of overtaking the US as the world’s economic superpower in the immediately foreseeable future. Oh, and yes, bringing life expectancy to within less than two years of the US.
Yup, historical communism has been s miserable failure.
Ah yes, people look back at the history of the Soviet Union with pure nostalgia all over the world. What ever happened to that again?
And China at this point can barely be called communist economically.
Don’t forget when neoliberal capitalism was given a free kleptokratic hand in the 1990s post-Soviet economies. What they thought was the road to prosperity was really the road to an unprecedented public health collapse and deindustrialization.
True communism is a failed experiment in government. It goes against the nature of mankind. The Soviet Union was a brutal regime that oppressed it’s people. Russia is not communist. China is not communist and they only began to move forward when they embraced capitalism. Cuba is, well Cuba.
Why don't you mention North Korea, Venezuela or Nicaragua?
Communism doesn't work.
—Ahrvid
“Why don’t you list failures, in your list of successes”, is the question you are asking. The point is that communism is not a universal failure, not that it cannot fail.
A more relevant point is that communism IS a universal failure. What you talk about is cheap "successes", what's called low hanging fruits, easy to pick. All a communist dictatorship has to do to give free education and healthcare is to nationalise such institutions and declare they shall be free. The USSR could get some early idustrial successes because it was an underdeveloped, agrarian society.
But once the easy fruits are picked, things stall in Communist societies - and go even worse. There are several reasons for this:
* Communism demands that everything shall be done the same way, following Marxism doctrines. This leads to frictions that MUST be subdued with oppression.
* Marxist theory is flawed. It has been pointed out (eg by historian Paul Johnson) that Marx cheated in his "research". He cherry picked and ignored data that was contrary to what be believed. Since the basis for communism is flawed it leads to even more friction, demanding even harder oppression.
* The idea of the dictatorship of the "proletariat" leads to that all power is concentrated to a small elite, which needs the oppression already mentioned to stay in power, and they rely on a power pyramid which creates extreme corruption.
* The artificial story of the glory of Communism needs to be upheld, which leads to strict censorship. As people don't get free information they become more stupid and society works badly.
* Central in the Communist doctrine is the idea of "planned economy". But a few central planners have a very limited information processing capacity, compared with the billions of spontaneous information processes executed daily in a market economy every time a seller and a buyer meet. "Planned economy" means economic mismatches in all areas, shortages of gods, waste, stagnation.
Other things could be noted. But as we can see, Communism is an ideology that inherently in its very structure leads to oppression, corruption, economic stagnation, censorship, shortages of gods in some areas, waste in other. And as we have seen in history it also leads to the death of millions as it creates starvation, work-people-to-death camps, summary executions against opposition, and so on.
Communism has been experimented with in numerous variations in different countries, and has always failed.
--Ahrvid
And China achieved its success by mostly (not entirely) abandoning planned economy
The USSR rise to power is similar to that of the Mongolian empire, a small state suddenly through a powerful leader rapidly rises to power, than after they are gone begins to crack and crumble within a century.
They were all achiements of state capitalism Capitalism is both very versatile and very dynamic Among the things it cannot and will not do is liberate the working class..
What are some countries that have been successful with implementing communism? Why did they succeed where others failed?
Communism/socialism is a post capitalist global moneyless, stateless, classless, wageless advanced society where production’s for use and there’s free access to all that’s produced, such a society can only be realised by the overwhelming majority of the worlds workers understanding the concept and wanting to organise for its inception. It should be patently obvious that such a society as yet has never existed, and cannot exist in one country alone or a group of countries.
From Capitalism to Socialism – How We Live and How We Could Live
PDF Version From Capitalism to Socialism. . . how we live and how we could live FOREWORD to the 2006 edition This pamphlet is intended to be an introduction to the socialist view of how modern society operates and why we think socialism is necessary as a means of organising the world more effectively. For such a society to be established, it is necessary first for a majority of the world’s people to have a working knowledge of how the system we live under – which we call capitalism – operates, and to understand what the change to socialism will mean. The aim of this pamphlet, therefore, is to contrast the present way of life with what a future socialist world would bring, and then to suggest what kind of political action can be taken to bring socialism about. Chapter 1 looks at the life-style of a typical person in today’s world. Chapter 2 traces human development in its different social stages, including the latest stage – capitalism – which there is no reason to consider the final one. Chapter 3 deals with the “nature” of the human animal and we have to be adapted to cope with the demands made on us by the changing material basis of society. Chapter 4 gives a view of what kind of society socialism would be, and discusses the possible organisation of work in it compared with what work is like at present. Chapter 5 shows how once socialists are in the majority, we can democratically establish socialism. Contents Chapter 1 The way we live Chapter 2 A highly adaptable animal Chapter 3 Class in society Chapter 4 Socialism as we see it Chapter 5 How to achieve socialism 1. The Way We Live What happens when we wake up in the morning? Most of us have to get up and go to work. We may decide that we would rather lie in for an hour or so and dream of going on a world cruise. But the dictatorship of the alarm clock reminds us that dreaming will not pay the bills. Ideas of world cruises must give way to the reality of getting to work. If we go to work by bus or train, we must buy a ticket. No money for the ticket and there will be no ride to work, even if the bus or train is half empty. Millions of workers set out by car. The roads are congested at the beginning of the working day with anxious men and women who cannot afford to be late. Very often there is one person in a car which could provide transport for four. Driving to work through the big city produces tense, angry, frustrated people, many of whom do not want to go where they are going, most of whom cannot afford not to. We arrive at work. Some of us are employed to do useful work: farming, manufacturing essential goods, attending to the sick, performing music, driving buses and trains, teaching children how to read. Others of us do useless, destructive or antisocial work for our wage or salary. Soldiers are employed for the purpose of killing other human beings in time of war. Munitions workers are employed to build weapons of destruction. Sales promoters are employed to persuade people to buy what
https://www.worldsocialism.org/spgb/pamphlet/from-capitalism-to-socialism-how-we-live-and-how-we-could-live/
What countries are communist today? How do they function that way?
There are currently none, as Karl Marx described it Communism is a process by which opposes capitalism in every way possible. This process is continued and upheld by proletarian dictatorship (a class dictatorship, in the same way that we live in a bourgeois dictatorship) As all the last vestiges of proletarian control was destroyed in every remaining “communist” country. They function in the same matter of an autocratic capitalist nations
What countries are still communist? Are there communist policies/efforts/ successes that add to these countries? Is Communism working for them or do they exist in spite or their communist status?
The only countries in the world with communist governments are; China, Vietnam, Laos and Cuba. North Korea has officially repudiated communism and declared its Juche ideology unique and unrelated to Marxism, Maoism or any other communist ideology. Until recently however, North Korea claimed to be communist and, as nothing about the regime has changed, it is sometimes counted as a communist state.
Although the four countries mentioned have Marxist-Leninist governments, all of them are also in the process of integrating into the world economy and do not actually practice communism. Cuba and Laos
Is a successful communist country more achievable now or in the past (if possible at all)?
No
How many times do we have to repeat a failed social system before we finally admit that it was wrong from the start?
The most recent experiment, Venezuela, failed spectacularly, unless you think it was the goal to take a country that was at the top, or near the top, of Latin American economies and shove it right down to the bottom.
A new generation of clueless intellectuals is pushing it at us YET AGAIN.
Sigh
What would make a communist nation “successful”?
By providing universal healthcare, education from cradle to grave, free housing, daycare, nutritious food that is inexpensive, a 35 hour work week, and a non aggressive military policy that was defensive. No imperialism.
It would be a green economy that is able to incorporate big data, A.I. and modern logistical systems to create and distribute goods to the entire nation. It would have an infrastructure that was healthy and not crumbling. Cars would be electric. Employment would be guaranteed. The environment would be sustainable. An unskilled worker would make a living wage. The highest paid w
What communist country was most economically successful?
There were no communist countries, though there were many ruled by Communist (Bolshevik/Leninist/Maoist) parties, spouting Marxist slogans.
It was not a long-term success, but the most Soviet economic progress evidently occurred during Lenin's New Economic Policy which abolish socialism across wide expanses of Soviet industry and agriculture, enabling a partial return to free enterprise. This saved Russia from starvation, though it depended on imports of food for over 70 years when it had been a large exporter of grain during the previous 70 years. The Soviet Union also allowed private enterpri
Will there eventually be no communist state/country in the world?
There are NO Socialist/Communist States or countries as Socialism/Communism will be a money less stateless society without leaders or governments and when the workers of the world unite for S/Communism the world will see the final phase of human developement.Personally I despair when people think that the present state of Capitalism is somehow mans greatest achievement and an outmoded private property society wether state or individually run will last forever.Capitalism still has some life left and has brought about incredible productive forces but to think that humans will spend their lives o
Which are the current communist countries in the world?
A communist country is an Oxymoron.
Communism is a global economic system where the means of production are owned commonly and where the state is abolished. You cannot have a country without a state.
Is there a country that could benefit from communism?
The thing about communism Quora users don’t seem to get is that it’s not about benefiting countries, it’s about abolishing them.
There’s been countries run by Communist Parties in different ways at different times. We can discuss how it went. But there’s never been a “communist country” or a country that reached communism.
No country has ever even claimed to have achieved communism. They claim(ed) to be somewhere on the way to communism. In the 1950’s, the Soviets even claimed they’d be able to reach communism in whatever number of years. Which they obviously never did.
In other words, communism
Why are there so few communist countries in the world?
Because classic communism was more of a pseudo-religion than a real political system — and like most religions, it proved itself to be completely unworkable in the real world.
Instead of bringing the justice, equality and economic prosperity it promised, in almost every case it degenerated into tyranny, militarism, financial stagnation, corruption and environmental disaster.
Personally, I think the collapse of communism was just the beginning of the bigger problem of industrialism. Communism collapsed first because it was the weaker model, but the “free market” is also a pseudo-religion for some
Why do communist countries fail?
Communism fails to take account of basic human nature, which is inherently selfish. In communism, you cannot force people to work nearly as hard or as smart as they will work for their own advantage in market economies and political systems.
Communism stifles innovation and invention and never accomplishes the withering away of the state.
Communism is inconsistent with free elections, free speech and other freedoms and always requires dictatorship.
Market economies produce more wealth and better conditions for almost everyone.
Communism, then called “socialism,” is inconsistent with the rule of la
Why aren’t there more communist countries today if it’s such a beneficial thing?
Nobody says communism is beneficial any more. Not after the demise of the USSR.
Out of the five communist countries, which one works the best?
Honestly, I’d have to say China, even though it isn’t technically entirely communist. Their economy is continuously growing, and overall the country is functioning quite well. If you are just looking for a straight answer, there it kind of is, there are better answers, and I acknowledge those.
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