美國：反移民和反天主教偏见、反爱尔兰人反意大利人和反犹太人

 她的祖父母是二十世纪初从意大利南部到美国的大规模移民潮的一部分，美国是一片充满机会的土地，尽管不是每个人都准备欢迎他们。

意大利人获得了继爱尔兰人之后成为反移民和反天主教偏见的目标这一不愉快的殊荣，成为廉价劳动力的涌入给美国工人带来危险的主要例子。

他们是暴徒暴力和私刑的受害者，国会全面修订了移民法，以阻止意大利人和犹太人进入。

Her grandparents were part of a massive wave of immigration around the turn of the twentieth century from southern Italy to the United States, a land of opportunity, albeit not one where everyone was ready to welcome them. Italians gained the unhappy distinction of succeeding the Irish as the target of anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic bias, as a prime example of the perils to American workers posed by an influx of cheap labor. They were the victims of mob violence and lynching, and Congress overhauled immigration laws to keep out Italians and Jews.