索尔仁尼琴强调，与罗曼诺夫家族的俄罗斯帝国相比，苏维埃警察国家的压迫性明显更强

 索尔仁尼琴强调，与罗曼诺夫家族的俄罗斯帝国相比，苏维埃警察国家的压迫性明显更强。他断言，俄罗斯帝国没有像苏联格拉夫里特那样对文学或媒体进行极端审查，[110]政治犯通常不会被强迫关进劳改营，[111]政治犯和流亡者的人数只是布尔什维克革命后的万分之一。他指出，沙皇的秘密警察--奥赫拉纳（Okhrana）只在三个最大的城市存在，而在帝国俄军中根本没有。

带有亚历山大-索尔仁尼琴形象的2卢布俄罗斯纪念币

在返回俄罗斯前不久，索尔仁尼琴在布伦河畔莱斯卢斯发表演讲，纪念旺代起义200周年。在演讲中，索尔仁尼琴将列宁的布尔什维克与法国大革命期间的雅各宾俱乐部进行了比较。他还将旺代起义者与反抗布尔什维克的俄罗斯、乌克兰和哥萨克农民进行了比较，说两者都被革命的专制主义无情地摧毁。他评论说，虽然法国的恐怖统治随着热比娅反动和雅各宾派的倒台以及马克西米利安-罗伯斯庇尔的被处决而结束，但它在苏联的对应物却继续加速发展，直到50年代赫鲁晓夫解冻。

根据索尔仁尼琴的说法，俄罗斯人不是苏联的统治民族。他认为，所有民族的传统文化都同样受到压制，以支持无神论和马克思列宁主义。在苏联，俄罗斯文化甚至比其他文化受到更多的压制，因为政权比其他民族更害怕俄罗斯基督教徒的民族起义。因此，索尔仁尼琴认为，俄罗斯民族主义和俄罗斯东正教会不应该被西方视为威胁，而应该被视为盟友。

索尔仁尼琴在弗朗西斯科-佛朗哥去世后进行了一次巡回演讲，

"告诉自由主义者不要过于强求变革，因为西班牙现在的自由比苏联所知道的还要多"。

正如《纽约时报》所报道的那样，他 "将1.1亿俄罗斯人的死亡归咎于共产主义，并嘲笑那些在西班牙抱怨独裁的人。"

 索尔仁尼琴回忆说。

"我必须用最简洁的语言向西班牙人民解释，像我们苏联那样被一种意识形态所征服意味着什么，让西班牙人明白他们在1939年逃脱了多么可怕的命运。"

这是指国民党和共和党之间的西班牙内战，这在当时的美国外交官中并不是一种普遍观点。

对于当时美国国务卿亨利-基辛格的门生温斯顿-洛德来说，索尔仁尼琴 "差不多是个法西斯分子。"

据埃利萨-克里扎说，索尔仁尼琴对佛朗哥的独裁统治和佛朗哥主义西班牙持 "仁慈的看法"，因为那是一个基督教国家，他的基督教世界观在意识形态上起作用。 

 在《小谷子设法降落在两个磨石之间》中，佛朗哥的西班牙被 "捧为基督教对布尔什维克主义的邪恶作出适当回应的典范"。

据彼得-布鲁克说，索尔仁尼琴接近了基督徒德米特里-帕宁所主张的立场，他在流亡期间曾与他发生过争执，即邪恶 "必须以武力对抗，而集中的、精神独立的罗马天主教会比东正教更适合这样做，因为东正教具有异世界性和屈从于国家的传统。

在1990年首次发表于《共青团真理报》的文章《重建俄罗斯》中，索尔仁尼琴敦促苏联给予所有非斯拉夫共和国独立，他声称这些国家正在削弱俄罗斯民族，他呼吁建立一个新的斯拉夫国家，将俄罗斯、乌克兰、白俄罗斯和他认为是俄罗斯化的哈萨克斯坦部分地区聚集在一起[118] 。

Solzhenitsyn emphasized the significantly more oppressive character of the Soviet police state, in comparison to the Russian Empire of the House of Romanov. He asserted that Imperial Russia did not censor literature or the media to the extreme style of the Soviet Glavlit,[110] that political prisoners typically were not forced into labor camps,[111] and that the number of political prisoners and exiles was only one ten-thousandth of the numbers of prisoners and Exiles following the Bolshevik Revolution. He noted that the Tsar's secret police, the Okhrana, was only present in the three largest cities, and not at all in the Imperial Russian Army.[citation needed]

A commemorative Russian coin of 2 rubles with the image of Alexander Solzhenitsyn

Shortly before his return to Russia, Solzhenitsyn delivered a speech in Les Lucs-sur-Boulogne to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Vendée Uprising. During his speech, Solzhenitsyn compared Lenin's Bolsheviks with the Jacobin Club during the French Revolution. He also compared the Vendean rebels with the Russian, Ukrainian, and Cossack peasants who rebelled against the Bolsheviks, saying that both were destroyed mercilessly by revolutionary despotism. He commented that, while the French Reign of Terror ended with the Thermidorian reaction and the toppling of the Jacobins and the execution of Maximilien Robespierre, its Soviet equivalent continued to accelerate until the Khrushchev thaw of the 1950s.[112]

According to Solzhenitsyn, Russians were not the ruling nation in the Soviet Union. He believed that all the traditional culture of all ethnic groups were equally oppressed in favor of atheism and Marxist–Leninism. Russian culture was even more repressed than any other culture in the Soviet Union, since the regime was more afraid of ethnic uprisings among Russian Christians than among any other ethnicity. Therefore, Solzhenitsyn argued, Russian nationalism and the Russian Orthodox Church should not be regarded as a threat by the West but rather as allies.[113]

Solzhenitsyn made a speaking tour after Francisco Franco's death, and "told liberals not to push too hard for changes because Spain had more freedoms now than the Soviet Union had ever known." As reported by The New York Times, he "blamed Communism for the death of 110 million Russians and derided those in Spain who complained of dictatorship."[114] Solzhenitsyn recalled: "I had to explain to the people of Spain in the most concise possible terms what it meant to have been subjugated by an ideology as we in the Soviet Union had been, and give the Spanish to understand what a terrible fate they escaped in 1939", a reference to the Spanish Civil War between the Nationalists and the Republicans, which was not a common view at that time among American diplomats. For Winston Lord, a protégé of the then United States Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Solzhenitsyn was "just about a fascist."[115] According to Elisa Kriza, Solzhenitsyn held "benevolent views" on Franco's dictatorship and Francoist Spain because it was a Christian one, and his Christian worldview operated ideologically.[116] In The Little Grain Managed to Land Between Two Millstones, Franco's Spain is "held up as a model of a proper Christian response to the evil of Bolshevism." According to Peter Brooke, Solzhenitsyn approached the position argued by Christian Dmitri Panin, with whom he had a fall out in exile, namely that evil "must be confronted by force, and the centralised, spiritually independent Roman Catholic Church is better placed to do it than Orthodoxy with its otherworldliness and tradition of subservience to the state."[117]

In "Rebuilding Russia", an essay first published in 1990 in Komsomolskaya Pravda, Solzhenitsyn urged the Soviet Union to grant independence to all the non-Slav republics, which he claimed were sapping the Russian nation and he called for the creation of a new Slavic state bringing together Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and parts of Kazakhstan that he considered to be Russified.[118]