五眼秘史 ,The Secret History of the Five Eyes

 书中披露，中情局执行 "黑色行动 "任务，让英国在5G基础设施中放弃华为设备

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英国在2020年禁止移动网络运营商安装这家中国科技巨头的5G设备，并命令运营商在2027年前拆除已经安装的华为设备。英国电信被要求在2023年1月前完成脱离华为的工作，但最近要求有更多时间来防止服务中断。

作者Richard Kerbaj在即将出版的新书中称，一个美国官员代表团驳回了英国同行关于华为5G设备安全性的报告，并在2019年5月的一次内阁办公室会议上连续数小时对他们来自池塘彼岸的盟友大喊大叫。

一位参加会议的英国情报官员告诉作者，美国副国家安全顾问马修-波廷格(Matthew Pottinger) "只是大喊大叫，对英国关于华为产品安全的分析完全不感兴趣"。

"信息是，'我们不希望你这样做，你不知道中国有多邪恶'。这是五个小时的喊话，有一个准备好的、愤怒的和奇怪的非威胁性的脚本，"这位官员回忆说。"我们试图提供一个政策讨论，但波廷格并不关心。我们甚至说我们对中国威胁的分析没有异议，并解释了我们的技术问题，但美国官员对此不感兴趣。波廷格不断地、反复地令人厌恶"。

前英国国家网络安全中心主任Ciaran Martin--他负责政府通信总部（GCHQ）对中国公司设备的分析，以寻找任何漏洞，也出席了这次会议。

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"我们渴望与美国合作以对抗[中国]的野心，"马丁说。"问题是，在我们这边，我们不认为华为在英国5G的有限参与是一个更广泛的战略挑战中最重要的事情--而美国只对问题的这一部分感兴趣，原因我们无法理解。"

美国的情报部门和华盛顿的官员也欺负英语国家五眼联盟的其他成员禁止华为，新西兰和澳大利亚在2018年底这样做，而加拿大则坚持到2022年5月才放弃。2019年2月，当时的美国国务卿蓬佩奥警告英国，其使用华为设备将对美国构成国家安全风险。在2019年5月的紧张会议的同一个月，美国商务部将华为及其数十家关联公司列入贸易黑名单。

据Kerbaj称，中情局也参与了恐吓活动，致力于试图在他们的法国、德国、意大利和挪威同事中 "诋毁 "英国的立场，并对英国对此事的 "误判 "表示表面上的担忧。英国情报官员抨击中情局的行为是针对一个盟友的公开 "黑色行动 "任务。

据说马丁向他的美国同行保证，华为参与英国的5G网络不会损害 "五眼 "渠道，这些渠道以及政府系统和核设施都与华为的网络分开，无法进入。然而，这些保证对美国人来说是不够的。

CIA Carried Out ‘Black Ops’ Mission to Get UK to Drop Huawei Gear in 5G Infrastructure, Book Reveals

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Britain banned the Chinese tech giant’s 5G equipment from being installed by mobile network operators in 2020, and ordered operators to remove already fitted Huawei kit by 2027. British Telecom has been asked to complete the switch away from Huawei by January 2023, but has recently asked for more time to prevent service disruptions.

A delegation of US officials dismissed their British counterparts’ report about the safety of Huawei 5G equipment, and literally shouted down their allies from across the pond for several hours straight in a Cabinet Office meeting in May of 2019, author Richard Kerbaj has alleged in an upcoming new book.

A British intelligence official who was at the meeting told the author that US deputy national security advisor Matthew Pottinger “just shouted and was entirely uninterested in the UK’s analysis” on the safety of Huawei’s products.

“The message was, ‘We don’t want you to do this, you have no idea how evil China is’. It was five hours of shouting with a prepared, angry and weirdly non-threatening script,” the official recalled. “We tried to offer a policy discussion but Pottinger didn’t care. We even said that we didn’t contest the analysis of the Chinese threat and explained our technicalities, but the US officials weren’t interested in that. Pottinger was continuously and repeatedly obnoxious.”

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“We were keen to work with the US to counter [China’s] ambitions,” Martin said. “The problem was, on our side, we didn’t think Huawei’s limited involvement in UK 5G was the most important thing in a much wider strategic challenge –whereas the US were only interested in that part of the problem, for reasons we couldn’t fathom.”

US intelligence and officials in Washington also bullied other members of the English-speaking Five Eyes Alliance into banning Huawei, with New Zealand and Australia doing so in late 2018, and Canada holding out until May 2022 before folding. In February 2019, then-US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo warned Britain that its use of Huawei equipment would pose a national security risk to the US. The same month as the testy May 2019 meeting, the Commerce Department placed Huawei and dozens of its affiliates on a trade blacklist.

The CIA also got in on the intimidation campaign, working, according to Kerbaj, on trying to “discredit” the UK’s position with their French, German, Italian and Norwegian colleagues, and expressing superficial concerns over Britain’s “misjudgment” of the matter. British intelligence officials slammed the CIA’s behavior as an open “black ops” mission against an ally.

Martin was said to have assured his US counterparts that Huawei’s involvement in Britain’s 5G network wouldn’t compromise Five Eyes channels, with these channels, as well as government systems and nuclear facilities linked to networks separate from and inaccessible to Huawei. However, these assurances proved insufficient for the Americans.

Former UK National Cyber Security Center chief Ciaran Martin – who was responsible for the Government Communications Headquarters’ (GCHQ) analysis of the Chinese company’s equipment to look out for any vulnerabilities, was also present at the meeting.

据报道，联邦调查局担心华为设备可以拦截和破坏用于控制美国核武库的通信。

7月23日，北京时间10:50

当时担任英国驻美国大使的金-达罗克爵士说，美国代表团 "并没有任何令人信服的技术论据来破坏GCHQ的案例"。

"我记得GCHQ似乎很不以为然。这次交锋暴露了美国的案件实际上是政治性的，而不是技术性的。因此，GCHQ坚持自己的观点，最初，首相也是如此，"达罗克说。

鲍里斯-约翰逊最初支持马丁关于华为的建议，在美国禁止中国公司在其5G设备中使用美国制造的芯片，向伦敦提出既成事实后，他于2020年7月禁止这家中国公司在英国运营。此举导致英国的5G推广推迟了多年，经济学家预测，在2027年的最后期限前，移除华为设备的成本将超过20亿英镑。

2020年底辞去GCHQ CSC主管的马丁告诉Kerbaj，华为5G的争吵使英国 "完全依赖诺基亚和爱立信"，虽然英国 "信任 "这些公司，但 "实际上，任何人都可以对任何东西进行入侵"。

"我们是否认真地说，仅仅因为他们不是中国人，他们就不会被黑？例如，被邻国的俄罗斯？或者中国？"他问。

华为一直否认它的任何设备有内置功能，可供中国政府用于恶意目的，并强调它是一家私营的、独立的公司，与中国当局没有关系。该公司还表示愿意签署 "无间谍 "或 "无后门 "保证书，以缓解任何隐私方面的担忧，这是其西方竞争对手尚未达到的承诺。

Kerbaj的书 "五只眼睛的秘密历史 "将于9月1日发行。

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The US delegation “didn’t really have any compelling technical arguments that undermined the GCHQ case,” Sir Kim Darroch, who was Britain’s ambassador to the US at the time, said.

“I remember GCHQ seeming pretty unimpressed. The encounter exposed that the US case was really political, not technical. So GCHQ stuck to their guns, and, initially, so did the prime minister,” Darroch said.

Boris Johnson, who initially supported Martin’s recommendations on Huawei, banned the Chinese company from operations in the UK in July 2020 after the US presented London with a fait accompli by barring the Chinese firm from using US-made chips in its 5G equipment. The move has caused a multiyear delay in Britain’s 5G rollout, with economists predicting that it will cost more than £2 billion to remove Huawei equipment by the 2027 deadline.

Martin, who resigned as GCHQ CSC chief in late 2020, told Kerbaj that the Huawei 5G spat had made Britain “entirely dependent on Nokia and Ericsson,” and that while the UK “trusts” these companies, “in reality, anyone can have a go at hacking anything.”

“Are we seriously saying that just because they’re not Chinese, they can’t be hacked? By neighboring Russia, for example? Or China?” he asked.

Huawei has consistently denied that any of its equipment has built-in capabilities for use for malevolent purposes by the Chinese government, and has emphasized that it is a private, independent company with no affiliation with Chinese authorities. The company has also expressed willingness to sign a ‘no-spy’ or ‘no-backdoor’ guarantee to assuage any privacy concerns, a commitment its Western competitors have yet to match.

Kerbaj’s book, ‘The Secret History of the Five Eyes’, is set to drop on September 1.

Visitors to a mall walk past a Huawei store in Beijing, China, on Aug. 26, 2021. - Sputnik International, 1920, 24.06.2022

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