答案比大多數人意識到的要複雜一些。裕仁天皇和文官政府的其他成員承受著來自基本上控制國家的軍事菁英的巨大壓力。情況如此糟糕，以至於 1945 年 8 月 14 日，當天皇計劃投降的消息傳出時，由畑中健二少校領導的軍事政變企圖發生，史稱“九條事件”。
（畠中健二少校）
幸運的是，政變以失敗告終，但事實上，它從一開始就發生了，這表明帝國軍隊內部的個人為了不投降而願意走入絕望的程度。舉個例子，1942 年瓜達爾卡納爾島戰役中，我們在 6 個月內損失了 1,600 名士兵。我們越接近本土島嶼，戰鬥就越激烈。
另一件需要指出的是，這些炸彈的任務其實失敗了。即使看到他們造成的破壞，軍事菁英仍然拒絕投降。然而，這些炸彈的作用是給日本政府內部的某些人一個藉口，向包括天皇本人在內的其他關鍵人物指出造成的破壞，從而計劃投降。
編輯：我應該對有關炸彈的最後聲明進行更多澄清。
投下炸彈的目的是迫使軍事菁英無條件投降。即使我們在長崎投下了當時的最後一顆，他們仍然拒絕投降。他們唯一做的就是讓皇帝和富有同情心的盟友將自己描繪成戰爭的真正受害者，這樣可以讓民眾「保住面子」。我們看到了那一代人的所作所為，他們在14年的征服過程中至死不肯承認自己的暴行，而是讓子孫來承受這一重擔。
儘管炸彈確實導致了投降，但情況並不像大多數人想像的那樣。描述它的最好方式是「任務成功失敗」。
日本正在擺脫封建國家或處境。這種類型的生活方式通常建立在種姓制度的基礎上，而種姓制度則以榮譽、榮耀為基礎，儘管這些問題比常識美德（例如經歷軍事失敗）更重要。有點像古代歐洲的騎士。換句話說，有些人寧願戰鬥而死，也不願向最強大的人投降。
首先，日本國內對此並沒有統一意見。因此，以日本人同心同德的態度來提出這個問題是一種誤導。但簡單的回答是，皇帝的非凡幹預壓倒了所有投降的反對意見，繼續抵抗的主張者服從了皇帝的指示。
其次，軍隊，特別是陸軍的官方政策是自殺式抵抗。 1945年6月6日決定戰爭政策的六大集團明確採取了這一立場。
There wasn’t much in the way of a “reluctance to surrender” after the nuclear attack on Nagasaki. Nagasaki was bombed at 11:02 AM on August 9, 1945. Within hours, Hirohito had met with the Big Six and expressed his desire to agree with the Allies’ demand for unconditional surrender.
I’m not saying everything went smoothly after that meeting. However, the Emperor’s recorded message was broadcast six days later, and the official ceremony ending the WW II took place on September 2.
How did Japan react? Japan surrendered.
About 76 Japanese cities had already been reduced to ash by conventional bombing. General lemay was sending his long-range B-29’s from Tinian just as fast as they could be refueled and rearmed. After the Battle of Okinawa and the end of the war in Europe, he would have had access to tens of thousands of additional aircraft that could reach mainland Japan from Okinawan airfields.
The atomic bombs were seen as just a more efficient means to bring an end to WWII. As I’ve posted elsewhere, the US was angry, tired and completely unsympathetic to the fate of the Japanese. Allied soldiers, sailors and
The Japanese knew there was a possibility that the U.S. could develop an atomic bomb. They had two active programs to develop an atomic weapon, one under the auspices of the Navy, the other the Army.
When Hiroshima was bombed, officials in Tokyo flew a scientist and a military officer out to survey the damage. On the evening of August 8, having received a report on the details of the devastation of Hiroshima, Hirohito was convinced the U.S, had the atomic bomb. His immediate problem was political as the Big Six were divided three to three on the decision to surrender. He arranged to meet with t
The Japanese military machine was on borrowed time in '45, everyone knew that.
Even so, they couldn't have predicted how that end would come.
Intel on the Manhattan Project was thin – scraps of code transmissions, rumors from scientists who'd fled Germany.
Enough to know the Americans had something nasty, but not its shape.
The Potsdam Declaration wasn't a warning, it was geopolitics.
Vague threats about ruin, meant to soften them up for an invasion that would bleed them even drier.
Nothing about a single weapon rewriting the map.
Leaflets fluttering down from B-29s a few days later? More of the same
Suicide was more a choice for them than surrender. Just the mentality of their military at the time. Soldiers would attack barbed wire. Crash their plane deliberately into a carrier. Ah,hell with it,let's call it quits! wasn't exactly how they rolled
Around 95%
Since the Emperor of Japan gave his blessing to starting a war with the United States, the war in the Pacific Theater was more or less a holy war for Imperial Japanese forces - since, up to that point, the Japanese emperor was seen as a god on Earth… much like the pharaohs of Egypt (or the Kim Jongs of current North Korea)
The Pacific War was never going to end without a decisive blow - full stop, end of story
With that essence of holiness to their cause, Japanese soldiers would never surrender… never stop fighting… resorting to hand-to-hand combat if the war moved to the Japanese home
Some did.
Some attempted a coup upon learning that the Emperor was going to announce a surrender. They wanted to hijack the government and continue to fight.
Two days after the surrender, anti-aircraft gunners were still trying to shoot down bomber over Yokosuka.
Even after the surrender, one lone squadron of aircraft lead by a rogue commander attempted a kamikaze strike against the American fleet as it approach the Japanese coast. They wanted to go down fighting. It failed as much by mis-adventure as was by being shot down.
Many Japanese troops refused to believe the surrender orders or outright
Initially, the Allies communicated a policy of unconditional surrender two years earlier, which was totally unacceptable. By 1945, the Japanese knew that they were beaten, but they wanted some form of armistice - not a surrender. They wanted to keep some of the lands that they had conquered, and retain their core institutions.
The leadership was not considering surrender before the bombings. They expressly adopted a policy of suicidal resistance to any invasion of the Japanese home islands. The plan was to obtain better terms by making the effort to conquer Japan extremely bloody. This was expr
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