加夫里洛·普林西普为什么讨厌奥地利？
加夫里洛·普林西普（Gavrilo Princip），刺杀奥地利大公弗朗茨·费迪南德的人，是一个组织的成员。
这两个答案都是可笑的不准确。
1855 年奥地利帝国，Ausgleich 之前
奥匈帝国是民族和语言少数群体独立权利的创始人。
在这张地图中，罗马天主教克罗地亚人和东正教塞尔维亚人被混为一谈，但他们毫无相似之处。意大利人、拉迪尼人和弗留利人也是如此。
这些权利最初是由匈牙利叛乱政府 1848/9 年制定的，但大多数少数民族并不买账。因此，大匈牙利的大多数非匈牙利人与奥地利政府结盟。
战争结束后，奥地利人发现这是一项辉煌的发明，并将其写入新的奥地利宪法。1867年奥地利和匈牙利之间的Ausgleich之后，少数民族权利也被写入新的匈牙利宪法。
这在当时还是一件新鲜事，就连瑞士的罗曼什少数民族也没有这么多的权利。而法兰西第三共和国（1873-1940）则试图消灭法国境内所有非法语语言。甚至丹麦王国也禁止在丹麦远奥尔群岛使用当地方言。
它导致了奥匈帝国各个国家的一系列活动。奥地利的教育既可以用当地语言也可以用德语。1860 年代以来的奥地利人对其他少数民族的日耳曼化不感兴趣。但较小的国家却从中受益匪浅，比如雷托-罗曼派和犹太人。只有意大利少数民族才有问题，因为他们想要一所纯粹的意大利大学。
在匈牙利，情况略有不同，因为匈牙利语化迫使其他人说匈牙利语。这项规定在克罗地亚几乎没有颁布，克罗地亚拥有匈牙利的自治权，但在匈牙利的其他少数民族地区也存在。然而，执政的匈牙利自由党拥有大多数非匈牙利少数族裔的选票，并采取了平衡行动，试图尽量减少马扎尔化。无论如何，情况没有法国那么糟糕。
经过一番精彩的外交比赛后，奥地利和匈牙利成功控制了波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那。人口混杂：东正教塞尔维亚人、罗马天主教克罗地亚人和穆斯林（后来称为波斯尼亚克人）。尽管最初遇到了问题，但大多数克罗地亚人和穆斯林（大多数）很快就被说服了，但一些怨恨情绪依然存在，特别是对占少数的塞尔维亚人来说。 大多数人遵守的原因是：奥地利和匈牙利利用波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的经济繁荣进行了巨额投资双君主制。从贫穷的土耳其人变成了近乎富裕的AH。
恐怖组织黑手的标志
然而，垂死的俄罗斯帝国和极端民族主义的塞尔维亚都遇到了麻烦。一些俄罗斯高层人士对泛斯拉夫主义非常狂热，认为所有斯拉夫民族都应该统一在俄罗斯帝国。尽管事实上波兰人和一些乌克兰人讨厌泛斯拉夫主义。俄罗斯沙皇和大多数部长没有参与，这是一项秘密任务。
塞尔维亚亚历山大国王和德拉加王后被谋杀
俄罗斯人建立了一个深层国家组织：黑手。首先，该组织谋杀了塞尔维亚国王和王后，因为他们对奥匈帝国过于中立。然后他们再次与奥匈帝国对抗。黑手与塞尔维亚新政府完全交织在一起。即使是王储，因为新国王患有老年痴呆症。塞尔维亚变得越来越依赖法国的贷款。
黑手组织找到了几名来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的志愿者。他们都患有肺结核，而且很可能会死亡。加夫里洛·普林西普就是其中之一。但他还枪杀了王储的配偶、霍恩贝格公爵夫人索菲，当时她正怀孕。
普林西普为什么要这样做。他认为奥地利是一个占领国>大多数罗马天主教徒和穆斯林不同意这种说法。波斯尼亚的旁观者试图对普林西普实施私刑。还有骚乱，塞尔维亚人的商店和财产被克罗地亚人和穆斯林砸毁。还有一件事：波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的大部分经济仍然掌握在穆斯林手中，这让塞尔维亚人感到刺痛。当然，这是土耳其时期的延续。
奥地利和匈牙利是占领国。根本不符合国际法。即使是短命的塞尔维亚帝国，在奥斯曼帝国征服之前也只有波斯尼亚作为附庸国。每个国家都接受了合法的吞并，甚至俄罗斯也不愿意。
还有一方面没有提到。波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的收购也是匈牙利的功劳。它最初说服奥地利合作做到这一点。匈牙利民族主义似乎与塞尔维亚民族主义发生了冲突。
而黑手又是如何结束的呢？第一次世界大战期间，塞尔维亚流亡政府亲自处决了黑手党的领导人。他们变得太危险了。如果他们在 1914 年就这么做了就好了……
至于其他回答者，其中一个已经被屏蔽并静音，另一个将被屏蔽和静音。!#$%^&*(+自我审查。这就是我对无用宣传的看法。
附言。短命的中世纪塞尔维亚帝国
塞尔维亚帝国的争议地图
所以我不明白为什么塞尔维亚想要整个波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那，因为它从未拥有全部，即使在 1914 年，克罗地亚人和穆斯林加起来也占多数。
聚苯硫醚。使用的研究：
和
和
附言。致每一位塞尔维亚极端民族主义者、南斯拉夫粉丝或普京追随者。不要费心用大量的宣传来淹没我，因为它会被删除。
并且要意识到，在 1912-13 年两次巴尔干战争期间，英国和其他报纸报道了塞尔维亚对穆斯林、阿尔巴尼亚人和北马其顿人的种族清洗，而法国报纸则被禁止这样做。
附言。一些反事实的评论；
俄罗斯帝国的国家。
大多数非俄罗斯历史学家都认为，在输掉 1904-1905 年对日战争和 1905-1907 年第一次俄罗斯革命之后，俄罗斯不可能承受一场重大战争。
1905 年 10 月；一些苏维埃已经成立。
在与日本这样的中等国家的战争失败后，又与普鲁士的战争机器发动了战争。是的，这确实有道理。此外，武装叛乱几乎断断续续。
奥匈帝国的继承：因为所有国家都是在奥匈帝国的废墟上建立的，所以他们被迫勾勒出最惨淡的奥匈帝国版本，制造反事实的历史。
捷克斯洛伐克试图成为像法国一样的教条主义共和国。然而奥德少数派和一些捷克保守党人士并不打算这样做。所有类型的皇家机构都继续使用皇家名称。法国人甚至建议摧毁波西米亚王冠。
南斯拉夫王国，最初称为塞尔维亚、克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚王国。不是 AH 的自动继承者。帝国夫妇将他们的舰队交给了一个不起眼的“斯洛文尼亚、克罗地亚和塞尔维亚国家”。它存在于1918年10月29日至12月1日。
但盟军——即法国——迫使它与塞尔维亚合并，就像巴纳特多民族共和国的一半一样。
很快，克罗地亚人开始称前皇帝查理为“他们的国王”，以激怒塞尔维亚篡位者。1922 年查尔斯去世后，克罗地亚共和党宣告成立。后来，一位曾帮助建立南斯拉夫的克罗地亚政客公开宣称，他废除AH的决定是错误的。至此南斯拉夫神话。
大罗马尼亚王国是在特兰西瓦尼亚获得自治权的明确条件下成立的。他们谎称1923年新宪法使罗马尼亚成为一个统一的国家。
约瑟夫·奥古斯特大公，1919 年摄政
匈牙利的哈布斯堡王朝。可怕的人民共和国结束后，君主制得以恢复。他们于 1919 年 8 月 7 日至 23 日任命约瑟夫·奥古斯特大公为摄政王。西方盟国不会支持这一做法，霍尔蒂海军上将被任命为摄政王。同盟国拒绝了查理皇帝的复职，并将这位倒霉的君主驱逐到马德拉。因此，不是匈牙利人否认所有哈布斯堡王朝，而是同盟国。
霍尔蒂海军上将。但他不支持大屠杀。
在安德拉西伯爵 (Andrassy Junior) 的领导下，仍然存在一个匈牙利亲哈布斯堡党
希望这能澄清一些。
我当然不同意你对多瑙河君主国的描述。奥地利的亲德政党规模很小。引用希特勒作为例子是很荒唐的。他的偶像市长卡尔·吕格（Karl Lueger）是一位反犹太主义者，但却是罗马天主教徒和君主主义者。大多数捷克人仍然是奥地利拉夫主义者，而不是泛斯拉夫主义者。乌克兰人仍然喜欢奥地利的记忆。我自 1970 年学习国际法以来就开始研究君主制；我的主要论文是民族和语言少数群体的权利。英国历史学家一直在研究 AH 并描绘出一幅更好的图画。即使在 1848 年之前，奥地利人也没有强迫每个人放弃他们的当地语言。你所指的民族主义类型最终是原始法西斯主义；在法国第三共和国，它作为一个 IDEA 被开发出来，这一点非常清楚。南斯拉夫主义在克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚广为人知，但大多数人不愿意将不发达的塞尔维亚纳入其中；也因为这是一些罗马天主教神职人员的爱好..PS。我建议您参观意大利戈里齐亚的 Mitteleuropa Festival，那里的人们仍然崇拜 AH；它是由弗留利组织的，他们将 AH 视为他们的黄金时代。
加夫里洛·普林西普被居住在塞尔维亚和波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的塞尔维亚人民视为英雄。
贝尔格莱德市中心的加夫里洛·普林西普街。这幅涂鸦上印有他最著名的名言——我们的影子将穿过维也纳，漫步宫廷，惊吓领主
加夫里洛·普林西普纪念碑位于塞族共和国帕莱（波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那）
在社会主义南斯拉夫时期，加夫里洛·普林西普被认为是所有斯拉夫人的英雄，是一位犯下暴虐罪行并为斯拉夫人民的自由而牺牲的英雄。加夫里洛·普林西普是一位南斯拉夫民族主义者
从其他答案可以看出，他被绝大多数人视为英雄，极少数人则认为他是使塞尔维亚陷入第一次世界大战的巨大苦难的人。
The official government stance is that is a hero who fought for freedom. National newspapers and TV portrait him in such light.
He is considered a hero primary because he gave his life fighting for freedom of the Serbian people from the oppressionn of the Austria-Hungarian Empire. Long time ago both Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina were under complete control of Turkey as conquered countries. In 1875 a great revo
It’s strange to think that the man whose death sparked World War 1, a war that led to nine million casualties across the world, was not a popular leader. He was not greatly beloved by his people or even his family.
He was not popular with his own family because he had married one of the court’s ladies in waiting, Sophie Chotek. He was deeply in love with her, but she was beneath him socially, and the royal family resented that he chose to marry her.
(Ferdinand and Sophie together. It’s like Harry and Meghan but with magnificent mustaches)
The emperor allowed the marriage to go forward only as a m
The world in general likes to demonize Germany in the Great War, because of the atrocities of the Second World War. Simple as that!
No-one cares for the Great War and how power was distributed those days. Most people do not even know the European borders and boundaries of 1914–1919. No-one cares for the reasons that the Great War happened, nor what happened in July of 1914, right before the War. It was a long time ago.
So most people would wrongly think:
Hey, so the German Third Reich was the villain of WW2, so it would be the ultimate villain of the First World War..
Let's get some facts straight
This are the terms of the ultimatum that Austria-Hungary send to Serbia after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. I believe Serbia pretty much agreed with anything exept for part 6 that stated that Austro-Hungarian police was to be allow on Serbian soil to investigate the matter and that once the perpetrators had been caught, they would het a trial on Serbian soil.
(1) To suppress any publication which incites to hatred and contempt of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and the general tendency of which is directed against its territorial integrity;
(2) To dissolve immediately the society styled "N
The First World War started in July 1914 and Princip died in April of 1918, so I would be quite sure that he did. Whether it was his intention - at trial he stated his goal to be to "free" Yugoslavia from Austria - is a different question, but he absolutely would have seen the full impact of the war itself. If you want to get technical and recognize the Second World War as a product of the first, then no, not the full extent, but he absolutely lived long enough and would have gotten news of it from time to time even while imprisoned.
Princip was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment, and spent much of his time in solitary confinement. He suffered from tuberculosis and malnutrition; his arm had to be amputated, and he died in April 1918, before the war was over, aged 23.
However, in 1916 a military psychologist named Pappenheim interviewed Princip several times over a period of four months, and recorded the conversations.
The notes are shorthand jottings: this is what he had to say:
In solitary confinement very bad, without books, nothing to read, no communication. Used to constant reading. Misses reading most down here. Sleeps
Back in the late seventies there was a lavatory graffito in the Bodleian Library in Oxford:
“Archduke Franz Ferdinand found alive! First World War a mistake!”
If it had not been the assassination of the Archduke, it would have been something else. The Balkans would have remained tense and unruly. Germany would have remained keen to knock back Russia before the latter could modernise her army. France would still have been spoiling for a fight with Germany, smarting from the humiliations of the Treaty of Frankfurt.
Sooner or later there would have been some other “damn foolish thing in the Balkans”
Incorrect.
Gavrilo Princip and his accomplices were tried and convicted in Austria-Hungary, in Sarajevo (see the photo above), not in Serbia.
For anyone interested in details, the article below may be of interest.
28 October 1914 - Sarajevo Verdict
He was weakened by malnutrition and Tuberculosis while in prison, which led to his death on 28 April 1918.
His body was buried in an unmarked grave since it was feared that his bones might become relics for Slavic nationalists.
However, one of the Czech soldiers who was involved in the burial remembered the site of the grave, and in 1920 Princip’s body was excavated, exhumed, and brought to Sarajevo where he was buried beneath the Vidovdan Heroes Chapel with a bunch of other “heroes” who took part in the assassination of Franz Ferdinand.
Quite simple:
a) Bosnia was under the Turkish rule, but with predominately Slavic population, of which a significant share is Serbian.
b) Serbia gained independance from the Turkish empire in the mid 19th century (liberating parts of ethnically Serbian territory), however, many parts of the territories with a lot of Serbian (or otherwise Slavic population) was still under Turks - so the struggle continued.
c) Turkish empire could not control Bosnia any more and Serbia wanted to connect Bosnia to Serbia, however, Austro-Hungary annexed it - so from the Serbian point of view: the fight for liberati
Well, all of that, sort of. Or more precisely, he is present in history books as he was. Neither tragic figure nor a hero. A guy that made an extreme move consistent with political view and ‘activism’. If I had to choose I’d say his actions were more positive than negative. Serbian students learn a lot about history, we go into a lot of detail with it, and WWI is certainly in the spotlight. We familiarise ourselves with the political climate and actual weight of his actions (which tend to be blown out of proportions sometimes). In other words, extreme and impactful as his assassination of Arch
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