主要原因有四个
英国是一个岛国，在欧洲列强中独一无二。无论拿破仑、希特勒、西班牙菲利普、路易十四或沙皇有多少军队，他们也需要船只。如果你购买船只，你就可以负担更少的军队。
1760 年之前，唯一具有这种优势的国家都相当原始，除了日本之外，日本是一个发达但孤立的文化。
工业革命——这需要煤炭、钢铁和船舶。整个欧洲都有这些，但他们没有足够的船只，因为他们有更大的军队来防御邻国。中国和印度拥有资源，但在文化上他们并不外向。
最终，在七年战争之后，法国和西班牙联合起来，首先，他们赢得了美国革命（是的，我知道美国人没有解释这一点，但这是事实）——“华盛顿”军队的一半是法国人，约克镇的原因是法国和西班牙的封锁导致军队挨饿。
但结果是，法国大革命推翻了古代政权，拿破仑掌管了法国。他的军队在正义的热情的推动下，占领了欧洲——他们击败了奥地利人、普鲁士人，并得到了西班牙人的帮助。因此在1805年，30多艘法国和西班牙战列舰面对了27艘英国战列舰——这对法国指挥官来说是巨大的功劳。
但这一章
他只有一只手臂、一只眼睛，毫无疑问会被特朗普这样的人嘲笑（他身高 5 英尺 4 英寸，经常生病）。法国-西班牙舰队的三分之二被击沉或俘获：12000人被杀或被俘：英国人没有损失任何船只，只有457人和纳尔逊被杀。
在接下来的一百年里，英国皇家海军控制着世界各地的海上航线，包括大西洋、太平洋和印度洋。只有俄罗斯作为纯粹的陆地强国幸免于难。美国依赖欧洲销售棉花和烟草。
正如其他人所说，不在于谁早期获胜，而在于谁最终获胜。最终，英国获得了击败德国的帮助——但这与需要帮助有很大不同。没有美国，甚至没有苏联，英国也会击败德国，除非美国与德国结盟。
正如脚注一样——美国从未参战，苏联也从未对德国宣战——两者都受到了轴心国的攻击。公平地说，苏联对日本进行了干预——但只是在 1945 年——所以“我们干预”的好莱坞神话实际上是——“我们被你们的敌人攻击了”！
我应该说，来自白人殖民地、印度、非洲和亚洲的帝国军队的贡献很重要。如果你看《英国病人》，它会讲述在欧洲服役的印度人，而像《不列颠之战》这样的电影会讲述志愿者，其中包括一些 1941 年之前加入英国皇家空军的波兰人和美国人。
There are four main reasons
Uniquely amongst European powers, the UK is an island nation. irrespective of how many troops Napoleon, Hitler, Philip of Spain, Louis XIV or the Tsar had, they needed ships as well. And if you buy ships, you can afford fewer troops..
Before 1760, the only other countries with this advantage, were pretty primitive, except arguably Japan - which was a developed, but insular culture.
The Industrial revolution - this needed coal, iron and ships. All of Europe had these, but they didn’t have enough ships, because they had much larger armies to defend against their neighbours. China and India had the resources, but culturally they weren’t outward looking.
Eventually, after the seven years war, the French and Spanish ganged up and first off, they won the American Revolution ( yes, I know the Americans don’t explain this, but its true) - half of “Washington’s” army was French, and the reason for Yorktown was a Franco-Spanish blockade that starved the troops out.
But as a consequence, the French revolution toppled the Ancient Regime, and Napoleon emerged in charge of France. His army, fuelled by righteous fervour, took over Europe - they beat the Austrians, Prussians andgot the Spanish to help them. So in 1805, 30+ French and Spanish battleships faced 27 British ones - which was great credit to the French commander.
But this chap
who had one arm, one eye and would doubtless be mocked by the likes of Trump (he was 5′4″ and frequently sick) . Two thirds of the Franco-Spanish fleet was sunk or captured: 12000 men were killed or captured: the Brits lost no ships, just 457 men killed and Nelson.
For the next hundred years, the Royal Navy controlled the sealanes of the world, including the Atlantic, pacific and indian oceans. Only Russia was immune, as a purely land power. The USA was dependent on Europe to sell her cotton and tobacco.
As others have said, its not who wins early on, its who wins in the end. Ultimately, Britain had help to beat Germany - but that is very different from needing help. Without the USA and even without the Soviet Union, Britain would have beaten Germany, unless the US had allied with Germany.
Just as a footnote - the US never joined the war, and the USSR never declared war on Germany - both were attacked by the axis. The USSR to be fair did DoW Japan - but only in 1945 - so the Hollywood myth of ‘we intervened’ is actually - “we were attacked by your enemy”!
I should say that the contribution of empire forces, from the white colonies, but also from India, Africa and Asia was important. If you watch “the English patient” it covers the Indians who served in europe - and films like the battle of britain cover the volunteers - including some Poles and Americans, who joined the RAF before 1941.
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